Patent awards, sometimes called patent plaques, are a kind of trophy companies may give to recognize their in-house inventors. These are usually engraved by some process and my either be a handheld/free-standing trophy or even a wall-hanging plaque.
Another better-known version of these awards is the "Patent Cube" (known to some as the "IP Cube") that Microsoft issues to its inventors. Recipients especially enjoy stacking these awards pyramid-style when they receive more than one or two.
While companies with large IP departments are some of the biggest consumers of these awards, it is not uncommon for individual inventors (or relatives looking for a congratulatory gift) to give/receive them, too.
The penalty for patent infringement is either an award of damages or an account of profits and an award of court costs.
While Ruth Wakefield never received (or applied for that matter) a patent on her serendipitous chocolate-chip cookie "invention," she did strike a marketing deal with Nestle Chocolate which, for her, included a lifetime supply of semi-sweet chocolate.
A patent is a grant from a patent office, such as the United States Patent Office. "Patent Pending" is a phrase that an application for a patent has been filed and is in some stage in the process of obtaining a patent. Thus, a patent can be presently enforced while a patent that is merely pending is unenforceable but can mature into a patent that can be enforced. Once the pending patent matures, the patent owner can sue for back damages or reasonable royalties starting from the filing date of the patent.
There are not training offered from the patent office on getting a patent. The patent office advises you to seek guidance from a trademark/patent attorney. A good attorney is highly suggested by the patent office. As a convenience, they have a roster of local Patent Attorneys.
Patent revocation is the removal of patent protection from an invention.
U.S.U.S. Patent 2,218,971, 10/22/1940, Recovery of sterolsU.S. Patent 2,373,686; Jul 15, 1942; Phosphatide Product And Method Of MakingU.S. Patent 2,752,339, 6/26/1956, Preparation of cortisoneU.S. Patent 3,149,132, 9/15/1964, 16-Aminomenthyl-17-alkyltestosterone derivativesU.S. Patent 3,274,178, 9/20/1966, Method for preparing 16(alpha)-hydroxypregnenes and intermediates obtained thereinU.S. Patent 3,761,469; September 25, 1973; Process For The Manufacture Of Steroid Chlorohydrins; with Arnold Lippert Hirsch Patent 2,218,971, 10/22/1940, Recovery of sterolsU.S. Patent 2,373,686; Jul 15, 1942; Phosphatide Product And Method Of MakingU.S. Patent 2,752,339, 6/26/1956, Preparation of cortisoneU.S. Patent 3,149,132, 9/15/1964, 16-Aminomenthyl-17-alkyltestosterone derivativesU.S. Patent 3,274,178, 9/20/1966, Method for preparing 16(alpha)-hydroxypregnenes and intermediates obtained thereinU.S. Patent 3,761,469; September 25, 1973; Process For The Manufacture Of Steroid Chlorohydrins; with Arnold Lippert HirschSpingarn Medal, NAACP, 1947; Chicagoan of the Year, Chicago Sun-Times, 1950; Silver Plaque Award, National Conference of Christians and Jews, 1965; Chemical Pioneer Award, American Institute of Chemists, 1968; Procter Prize, 1974; inducted into National Inventors Hall of Fame, 1990; commemorative stamp issued by U.S. Postal Service, 1993.
If it is a U.S. patent, you can go to the USPTO website for patent searches and enter the number in "patent number search".
No, there is not and cannot be such a patent.
There are many companies out there that will tell you how to get a patent, however, most are scams. You can apply for a patent with the US Patent Office at www.uspto.gov.
An improvement of an existing invention is itself an invention, and can be patented like any other invention. Contact a patent practitioner (patent agent or patent attorney) for assistance. The United States Patent and Trademark Office has lists and addresses of patent practitioners in every state. Avoid companies that advertise they will "help you get a patent."
Patent pending is a warning that a patent application has been filed. It is completely worthless until and unless a patent is actually issued for that invention. Patent number notice means a patent with that number was issued for the invention that is implemented in the product labeled with that number.
A blocking patent is a patent relating to a particular area of technology which prevents another patent from being used because the other patent relies on technology covered by the first.