That would depend on what object we are talking about.
There is one single point in the Earth's orbit where it is closest to the sun. That point is called the "perihelion".
That's the point in Earth's orbit called "perihelion".The point in the orbit that's farthest from the sun is "aphelion".
At the point when it is closest to the sun.
Mars and Venus orbit closest to the earth in the order sunward to rimward: Venus, Earth, Mars.
Because the Earth is rotating, the "closest point" to the Moon will be changing all the time. Also, the Moon is moving in its orbit, of course.
That's the point called 'perihelion'. In 2010, the earth reached and passed that point on January 3.
Earth passes through the point in its orbit that is closest to the sun, which is known as its perihelion, during the first half of January.
Perihelion is when the Earth is closest to the sun.
Both of those words refer to points in the orbit of an earth satellite ... the moon or any artificial satellite. Apogee . . . the point in the orbit where the satellite is farthest from the earth. Perigee . . . the point in the orbit where the satellite is closest to the earth.
The earth ... and every point inside it and on its surface ... is closest to the sun when it reaches the perihelion point in its orbit, early in January.
' Perihelion '. In 2010, the earth reached this point in its orbit on January 3.
Earth's perihelion happens around January 3 each year.