What are factors that control climate?

Answer 1

The primary climatic determinator is the atmosphere (driven of course by the sun). The atmosphere has five covention cells. These are like big donuts girdling the earth at different latitude.

• There is one about the equator
• one at mid lattitudes in the Northern hemisphere
• one at mid lattitudes in the Sourthern hemisphere
• one at the north pole (a donut without a hole)
• one at the south pole (another donut without a hole.

In these cells hot air rises then cools and drops back down to get heated again and rise again.

In the equator cell the air gets hot at the equator rises goes north and south and falls again as cold air at northern Mexico and northern argentian. When air is hot and rising it is moist, when it cools it loses its moisture and rains and becomes dry. So all around the equator there are wet jungle environments (Amazonia, Congo, south-East Asia, Indonesia). North and south of the equator there are desert belts. (Northern Mexico, south-west USA, Sahara, Arabia, Namibia, Australia. Patagonia)

Rubbing the northern edge of the equatorial cell is the mid-latitude cell which rotates in the opposite direction as the equatorial cell. (they both descend at their common edge.) This cell contributes to the desert conditions on its descending edge but creates another rain border on its rising edge. In the northern hemisphere this rain border corresponds to (North American North-west coast, Europe, Chile, South Africa, Southern Australia-Tasmania)

At the poles there is another cell that rotates in the opposite direction as the mid-latitude cell so cold air is constantly coming down over the poles.

The next climatic determining factor is the rotation of the earth. As moving air goes from north to south the rotation of the earth makes it blow east to west, such is what happens at the poles. At the next cell southwards the air moves south to north so the winds blow west to east. Then at the equatorial cell they blow east to west again. The winds are what pull moisture from the oceans and seas so at coast where there is an on-shore wind is where you will find rain-forests. After the rain forest, after the winds have dropped their moisture and traversed most of a (dry) continent they produce dry conditions. Consider the NA north-west coast. You have the coastal rainforest, the rocky mountains, then the dry plains. Europe is moist but after the Ural mountains you have the Gobi desert.

The next climatic determining factor is the axial inclination of the earth. This causes the atmospheric cell to migrate north and south changing the direction of the east-west, west-east winds. Because of this some areas have dry summers and wet winters while others have wet summers and dry winters.

Last is the ocean currents that bring warm moist air to regions to places it doesn't belong. Because of the Gulf stream Iceland and Greenland are made more inhabitable then what they really should be.

Answer 2

The 7 Controls of Weather and Climate are latitude, Distribution of Land and Water, General Circulation of the Atmosphere, General Circulation of the Oceans, Ocean Circulation Patterns, Elevations, Topographic Barriers, and Storms.

Answer 3

Surface Winds

Ocean Currents

Latitude

Relief

Answer 4

The Coriolis Effect and the Sun both have a large amount of control over the climate and weather.

Answer 5

its the atmosphere

Answer 6

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Answer 7

Latitude,Altitude,Ocean currents