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Active transport.

Substances naturally (passively) spread out evenly. This means there is a net movement from higher to lower concentrations. The process is diffusion, and no energy input is required.

For a substance to move the other way (up or against the concentration gradient) a supply of energy is required. This process (active transport) will not happen in non-living systems, but cells can supply energy, for example in the form of ATP.


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Q: What is the process in which a molecule passes from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration?
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