In an electro-refining system the deposited metal is collected without the need to remove the cathode from the slurry bath. The cathode has a hollow cavity permitting steam or hot water to be introduced to heat the cathode. During the deposition process, the heating of the cathode encourages the deposition process. When the deposited material is to be collected, the cathode is heated to "melt" the bonds between the cathode and the deposited metal. Using a bracket which was installed before the deposition process and into which the deposited metal has been formed; the now-released sheet of deposited metal is easily removed.
When current is increased during electrorefining of a metal, more electrons are sent into the solution. This causes more metal ions to be displaced at one time, increasing the rate that metals will separate out. So, the process just happens faster with more current.
The minimum electric potential difference required for electrorefining of pure copper is typically around 0.2 to 0.3 volts. This voltage is necessary to drive the electrochemical reactions that cause copper ions to plate out onto the cathode during the refining process.
electroplating
what is electrochemistry
the main branches areELECTROWINNING ELECTROPLATING ELECTROREFINING PHYSICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION
D. C. Fleck has written: 'Purification of yttrium by electrorefining'
In electrolytic refining,anode contains the impure aopper and when current passes through solution all the impure copper ions from anode dissolve in solution and thus when all ion discharge anode becomes empty and thus eaten up.
An anode slime is a sediment which settles at the bottom of a copper electrorefining cell, which is rich in silver, gold, selenium and tellurium.
Sulfuric acid plays a dual role in the copper cycle. Firstly, it is used to dissolve copper oxide or copper carbonate to form copper sulfate. Secondly, it acts as an electrolyte in the electrolysis process to deposit pure copper onto the cathode during electrorefining.
It depends upon nature of ore the most common ore of copper is Copper pyrite CuFeS2. the extraction of copper from this ore involves the following steps, 1-crushing, 2-grinding, 3-concentration of ore, 4-roastiong, 5-smelting, 6- preparation of blister copper and 7- electrorefining of blister copper.
Half- and full-wave rectifiers are used to convert AC into DC. That is the primary use of the rectifier in industrial applications. AC is used across the power grid, but to use electricity for welding, electroplating, electrorefining (of metal) and as a DC source for motors with special speed controls, the AC must be changed (rectified) to DC.
I would say it depends on how "process " is used.He is in the process of preparing dinner .He wrote a paper on the process for making steel.