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Any company that satisfies the conditions laid down by SEBI (Securities and Exchange Board of India) can issue equity shares. SEBI is the governing body for all market related instruments in India.
Let us say XYZ company wants to go public. (Going public is the word used in market terminology to refer to the event of a company issuing equity shares for the first time) It would file an application with SEBI. If it is filing a request to raise a capital of say Rs. 1 crore, it would be issuing 10 Lac equity shares of face value 10 each.
The terms Face value and Market value would be used through this article. Let us first understand what they are.
Face Value - The Face Value of the share refers to the intrinsic value of a share. This is the value at which the company issues its shares to the common public.
Market Value - Once a share is issued to the public, it would be bought and sold through recognized exchanges like the NSE or BSE. The price at which a particular share is being bought /sold is termed as Market Value.
Net capital Raised by the company = 1,00,00,000/-
No. of Shares issued through the public offering = 10,00,000 (Out of these 10 lac shares, the company would be holding at least 51% that is 5,10,000 shares with itself. The remaining 4,90,000 shares would be available for the public)
When XYZ files its application, based on the profit making capability, its revenue etc the company and SEBI would decide on the market value at which the share would be available for the public to buy. Say for e.g., the share with the face value of Rs. 10/- could be available at the price of Rs. 50/- for purchase through the public offering.
Net Amount raised by the company through the public offering = 4,90,000 * 50 = Rs. 2,45,00,000/-
Every individual who wants to buy the shares of XYZ limited would be filling in forms and paying the amount corresponding to the number of shares they want to buy. Say you want to buy 100 shares of XYZ you would be paying them Rs. 5000/- to buy those 100 shares.
Once the process of issuing shares is over the shares would be allotted to the people who had placed the purchase request. Based on the credibility of the company, the no. of people who place requests to buy its shares would vary. Sometimes the issue could be oversubscribed and sometimes it could be under subscribed. If the issue of XYZ limited was oversubscribed, then you may not get the exact 100 shares that you wanted. You may get a certain
number of shares based on the number of times the issue was oversubscribed.
Say you get 60 shares, then the remaining Rs. 2000/- would be returned to you.
Whatever we have discussed about till now is termed as the "PRIMARY MARKET". The Market in which fresh share offerings given by companies are bought.
Once the public issue is over, the share would get listed in any of the two or both of the Registered stock exchanges in India. The National Stock Exchange (NSE) and the Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE). Once the companies shares are listed in the NSE/ BSE it would be available for the public to buy/sell. Say at the end of the first trading day the share closes at a
price of Rs. 53/- then the total market capitalization of XYZ limited is = 10,00,000 * 53 = 5,30,00,000/- The Market capitalization of the company would keep varying everyday based on its share price movement.
This Trading that happens everyday on the shares of companies that are listed in registered stock exchanges is termed as "SECONDARY MARKET"
What else can I help you with?
Are IPO stock options a safe place to invest my money?
Investing in an IPO stock is slightly risky because these are newly issued shares and there will be no historical data to look at. It will be hard to predict what the stock will do. Therefore, I would say that IPO stocks are not necessarily a safe place to invest your money, long term.
What is is a IPO chart?
"An IPO chart records the input, process, and output of a process, or program module". Sulaiman.
How shares are allotted in IPO?
Pre IPO is product by Planify which brings "Private Equity for Retail investors". One can invest in companies before it get listed on stock market. Why invest in Pre IPO Share? When was the last time you have invested money in a good IPO and get shares worth more than 50,000 Rs. Probably one needs to run the time back to get an answer. Want to know more about Pre IPO shares then contact Planify at - +91 706 55 60002
What is the full form of IPO in computers?
Input Process Output
What are the three stages of IPO process?
The three stages of an IPO process are pre-IPO planning and preparation, the offering stage where shares are priced and sold to investors, and the post-IPO period where the company starts trading on a public exchange and becomes subject to ongoing reporting and compliance requirements.
What best describes the purpose of an IPO?
The purpose of an Initial Public Offering (IPO) is to raise capital for a company by selling shares to the public for the first time. This process allows the company to access funds for expansion, pay off debt, or invest in new projects. Additionally, an IPO provides liquidity for existing shareholders and enhances the company's visibility and credibility in the market. Ultimately, it transforms a private company into a publicly traded entity.
What is advantage of converting private company into public company?
as the private company should invest the money of there own which is now difficult to invest and while in the public company there can go for IPO where they can get money from public in which they can invest for there business which is not possible for private company.
What is IPO in share market?
IPO stands for Initial Public Offering. It is when a company offers its shares for sale to investors, usually with the aim of getting a wide spread of shareholders so it can list on a stock exchange for the first time.Answer:An IPO or an Initial Public Offering, which is its full form, is the first sale of stock by a company to the public. By issuing an IPO, a private company becomes a public company and invites public investors to become shareholders by buying the company stock. Since public companies have a lot of shareholders, they have to play by stringent rules laid down to protect investor interests and have to share financial and other information with the public. Many traders like to invest in IPOs. However, you need to understand how the IPO market functions before you invest in it. You should also be able to do IPO analysis or have a personal financial or investment advisor who can do it for you if you want to invest in IPOs.
Why the role of investment banking is in the primary market?
Investment Banks are involved in the primary market by facilitating IPO's. IPO stands for Initial Public Offering. It is the process by which a company issues shares to the public to raise capital for their operational expenses or for expansion purposes. The investment banks help the company in completing the IPO process.
What factor would most likely lead to an unsuccessful IPO?
Market conditions such as economic instability or a bear market can lead to an unsuccessful IPO as investors may be hesitant to invest in new offerings. Additionally, if the company's financial performance or growth prospects are not perceived positively by potential investors, the IPO may not be successful. Inadequate marketing and investor outreach efforts can also result in a lack of investor interest, leading to an unsuccessful IPO.
What is a firms first offering stock to the general public?
A firm's first offering of stock to the general public is called an Initial Public Offering (IPO). During an IPO, a company sells shares to investors for the first time, allowing it to raise capital for expansion, pay off debt, or invest in new projects. This process also transitions the company from a private entity to a publicly traded one, subjecting it to regulatory scrutiny and reporting requirements. The IPO is typically underwritten by investment banks, which help set the initial price and market the shares to potential investors.
What is equity syndication?
Equity Syndication is a group of investors in a held together by a bookmaker that determines opening (IPO) price for an equity based upon closed bidding by a group of participating investors (the syndicate). The syndicate are allocated the shares they bid for and won and take a commensurate profit/loss if the price goes up or down during the IPO. Essentially a pre IPO price discovery process that determines the IPO price of the equity. It is a process for price discovery, hedge risk of the initial fixed price offering, and generate cash before an IPO. Twitter - @Dancest8r
