The carbon 14 isotope has 6 protons and 8 neutrons in its nucleus, which gives a ration of 3:4 of protons to neutrons.
Stability of a nucleus is dictated by the neutron/proton ratio. Too large or too small and the nucleus is unstable.
Nitrogen 14 has 7 neutrons and 7 protons so the ratio is 1:1
It becomes Nitrogen-14
beta decay - a neutron converts to a proton & electron via the weak force.
It is true that unstable nuclei will undergo radioactive decay in order to gain stability. These include nuclei of #43 Technitium (Tc), any nucleus containing more that 83 protons and any nucleus with a high neutron-to-proton ratio, such as carbon-14. The most common forms of decay are by emission of an alpha particle (2 protons and 2 neutrons ... a helium nucleus!) or a beta-negative decay in which a neutron bcomes a proton by emitting an electron and an antineutrino.
Stability of a nucleus is dictated by the neutron/proton ratio. Too large or too small and the nucleus is unstable.
Nitrogen 14 has 7 neutrons and 7 protons so the ratio is 1:1
Nuclear forces are the exact forces in carbon-14 that transforms a neutron into a proton. The actual process includes alpha decay, beta decay, relative dating, and absolute dating.
It becomes Nitrogen-14
because carbon-12 and carbon-14 both have different electrons while having the same proton and different neutron.
It doesn't. Under natural conditions, carbon 14 generally forms from nitrogen 14. A high energy neutron from space strikes the nitrogen nucleus, causing it to eject a proton, ultimately forming a carbon 14 atom and hydrogen 1 atom. It can also occur via neutron capture by carbon 13. Currently there is an overabundance of carbon 14 in the atmosphere as a result of nuclear testing.
beta decay - a neutron converts to a proton & electron via the weak force.
Carbon-14 undergoes beta emission, converting one neutron to a proton and emitting an electron, with the daughter nucleus being nitrogen-14.
slightly more than 14, carbon 12 has an atomic mass of 12 by definition, so 1 atomic mass = the sum of the mass of a proton neutron and electron divided by 2 neutrons are slightly heavier than the combined mass of an electron and proton carbon 14 has a higher percentage neutrons than carbon 12 so it is heavier relative to the number of particles in it's nucleus(14)
We see that carbon-14 undergoes beta minus decay to become nitrogen-14. Here's the equation: 614C => 714N + e- + ve The carbon-14 nucleus has a neutron within it change into a proton Then we see both a beta minus particle (an electron with high kinetic energy) and an antineutrino ejected from the nucleus.
13 Protons/Electrons (13 of each) 14 Neutrons
It is true that unstable nuclei will undergo radioactive decay in order to gain stability. These include nuclei of #43 Technitium (Tc), any nucleus containing more that 83 protons and any nucleus with a high neutron-to-proton ratio, such as carbon-14. The most common forms of decay are by emission of an alpha particle (2 protons and 2 neutrons ... a helium nucleus!) or a beta-negative decay in which a neutron bcomes a proton by emitting an electron and an antineutrino.