What is the relationship between temperature and heating energy?

Answer 1

The temperature of an object is directly proportional to the amount of heat energy it contains. And changing the temperature of an object, therefore, means changing the heat energy it contains. But the temperature is also dependant on the object's mass, and a property of the material called the specific heat. Specific heat is the the heat per unit mass that corresponds to a unit temperature (e.g. 1 degree) for the particular material. For example, liquid water's specific heat is 1 calorie per gram per degree celcius, or 1 cal/g∙°C.

More about water:

- For every 0.57 btu's* heat added to one pound of ice will raise the temperature of the ice 1°F at atmospheric pressure, up to 32°F.

- For every 144 btus added to ice at 32°F and 1 atmosphere, one pound of ice will melt with no change in temperature.

- For every btu of heat added to 1 pound of water the temperature will rise 1°F at atmospheric pressure, from 32°F to 212°F

- For every 972.3 btus of heat added to water at 212°F and atmospheric pressure, 1 pound of water will be evaporated.

- For every 0.47 btus of heat added to 1 pound of steam at atmospheric pressure the temperature will rise 1°F.

* For metric units: 1 gram = 0.00220462 pounds, 252 calories = 1 btu, and 1°C = 1.8°F, with temperature of fusion at 0°C and temperature of evaporation at 100°C

More generally, if we consider Q as heat energy in an object, then ΔQ is a change in that energy, and take the mass of a substance as m and the specific heat (at constant volume) as Cv and t2 and t1 are final and initial temperatures, then we get the following equation:-

ΔQ=m∙Cv∙(t2-t1)

Answer 2

The temperature of an object is directly proportional to the amount of heat energy it contains. And changing the temperature of an object, therefore, means changing the heat energy it contains. But the temperature is also dependant on the object's mass, and a property of the material called the specific heat. Specific heat is the the heat per unit mass that corresponds to a unit temperature (e.g. 1 degree) for the particular material. For example, liquid water's specific heat is 1 calorie per gram per degree celcius, or 1 cal/g∙°C.

More about water:

- For every 0.57 btu's* heat added to one pound of ice will raise the temperature of the ice 1°F at atmospheric pressure, up to 32°F.

- For every 144 btus added to ice at 32°F and 1 atmosphere, one pound of ice will melt with no change in temperature.

- For every btu of heat added to 1 pound of water the temperature will rise 1°F at atmospheric pressure, from 32°F to 212°F

- For every 972.3 btus of heat added to water at 212°F and atmospheric pressure, 1 pound of water will be evaporated.

- For every 0.47 btus of heat added to 1 pound of steam at atmospheric pressure the temperature will rise 1°F.

* For metric units: 1 gram = 0.00220462 pounds, 252 calories = 1 btu, and 1°C = 1.8°F, with temperature of fusion at 0°C and temperature of evaporation at 100°C

More generally, if we consider Q as heat energy in an object, then ΔQ is a change in that energy, and take the mass of a substance as m and the specific heat (at constant volume) as Cv and t2 and t1 are final and initial temperatures, then we get the following equation:-

ΔQ=m∙Cv∙(t2-t1)

Answer 3

There is no simple relationship. The amount the temperature of something increases when heat energy is added may depend on the substance's mass and its atomic structure. It is even possible to add heat for a while without increasing a substance's temperature, when there is a phase change - for example, while ice melts.