What is the rights of a citizen especially those guaranteed to all citizens of the US called?

Answer 1

Their "inalienable rights".

An important aspect of the United States Constitution is that it is not cognized to have set forth rights. Instead the U.S. Constitution is understood to simply have articulated rights already inherent in "[w]e, the People", as specified in the Preamble.

Most often, these are collectively referred to as civil rights. The modifier term "civil" is used to distinguish and contrast those of ordinary citizens from government and its workings.

The Bill of Rights is a collective term used to describe the first ten Amendments to the the U.S. Constitution. These were collectively and contemporaneously drafted, enacted and ratified very shortly after that of the seven original articles, during the late 1780s and early 1790s.

Most accurately, the first eight amendments are provisions which set forth a description of fundamental individual rights. Amendments IX and X, while also correctly termed as describing civil rights, refer to collective rights accruing to the People and to the several States.

Finally, these are inalienable rights. At law, to alienate means to "legally convey away property rights"--that is, the Peoples' property rights in their inalienable rights cannot be taken, or given, away.

Answer 2

the right to peaceably assemble. :)