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The pigment molecules and electron transport chains involved in the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis are embedded in the thylakoid membrane. As energy is released from electrons traveling through the chain of acceptors, it is used to pump protons (that is, H+ ions) from the stroma of the chloroplast across the thylakoid membrane and into the center of the thylakoid. Thus, protons accumlate within the thylakoids, lowering the pH of the thylakoid interior and making it more acidic. A proton gradient possesses potential energy that can be used to form ATP.
Protons are prevented from diffusing out of the thylakoid because the thylakoid membrane is impermeable to protons except at certain points bridged by an enzyme called ATP synthase. This protein extends across the thylakoid membrane and forms a channel through which protons can leave the thylakoid. As the protons pass through ATP synthetase, energy is released, and this energy is tapped by ATP synthase to form ATP from ADP and inorganic phosphate. The coupling of ATP synthesis to a protein gradient formed by energy released during electron transport is called chemiosmosis.
What else can I help you with?
What is the enzyme required to make ATP?
ATP synthtase along with other enzymes and coenzymes .
What is the difference between ATP synthesis and ATP synthase?
synthases do not use energy from NTP's, sythetases do! synthase can be used with any enzyme that catalyzes synthesis (whether or not it uses nucleoside triphosphates), whereas synthetase is to be used synonymously with 'ligase'.
What is the role of ATP synthetase in the light dependent reaction?
In the presence of ATP synthetase enzyme ADP is converted in to ATP by uniting one more phosphate bond, storing chemical energy.
Is ATP synthase an enzyme responsible for the production of ATP in cells?
Yes, ATP synthase is an enzyme that plays a key role in the production of ATP in cells.
What enzyme is responsible for synthesizing ATP?
The enzyme is ATP synthase (sometimes referred to as "ATP synthetase").It catalyzes the synthesis of ATP from ADP and free inorganic phosphate. It is a remarkable enzyme, part of which spins round. In fact, ATP synthase has been called a molecular machine.To see an image, use the link below.
What does hydrogen ions bind to during ATP Synthetase?
Hydrogen ions bind to the F0 subunit of ATP synthase during ATP synthesis. This binding causes the rotation of the ATP synthase complex, leading to the synthesis of ATP from ADP and inorganic phosphate.
What is the role of ATP synthase in the Krebs cycles?
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What is the role of ATP synthase in the Krebs cycle?
ATP synthase is not directly involved in the Krebs cycle. However, it plays a crucial role in oxidative phosphorylation, which occurs after the Krebs cycle in cellular respiration. ATP synthase generates ATP by utilizing the energy released during the flow of protons through the inner mitochondrial membrane.
Is ATP synthase a protein?
Yes, ATP synthase is a protein.
What drives the ATP synthetase to make ATP in respiration?
Protons.
When ATP synthase in activated it adds a phosphate group to what molecule?
ATP synthase catalyzes the addition of a phosphate group to an ADP molecule. ADP + ATP synthase + P --> ATP + ATP synthase (ATP synthase on both sides of the equation indicates that, as an enzyme, it is not used up in the reaction.)
Is ATP synthase an integral protein?
Yes, ATP synthase is an integral protein.
