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it's fairly simple. The shear strength of the material must be known. Steel is normally 44000 psi in single shear and 88000 psi in double shear. The cross-sectional area of the nail times the shear strength will give you the point of failure of the nail itself, or maximum destructive load. s x a = l Example: an 8d common nail has a diameter of 0.131 inches and a shear strength of 45000 psi the destructive load capacity of the nail in single shear is: 45000 psi x (0.131" x 0.131" x 0.78539) = 606.513 pounds of force. Divide this number by the required factor of safety to get the maximum design capacity for your structure. [ often f.s. = 3, 4, or 5] * cross-sectional area = diameter squared times 1/4 pi note: shear strengths of nails often exceed the crush strength of the material in which they are used.
the average shear stress is 3/4 the maximum shear stress for a circular section
Concrete wheel stops are typically pinned into the paving using 18" long 3/4" diameter rebar.
3/4 of its strength
As a guideline, 4 inches thick, but it would depend on what is going to be sitting on top of it. You may need thicker and/or to reinforce it with rebar.
it's fairly simple. The shear strength of the material must be known. Steel is normally 44000 psi in single shear and 88000 psi in double shear. The cross-sectional area of the nail times the shear strength will give you the point of failure of the nail itself, or maximum destructive load. s x a = l Example: an 8d common nail has a diameter of 0.131 inches and a shear strength of 45000 psi the destructive load capacity of the nail in single shear is: 45000 psi x (0.131" x 0.131" x 0.78539) = 606.513 pounds of force. Divide this number by the required factor of safety to get the maximum design capacity for your structure. [ often f.s. = 3, 4, or 5] * cross-sectional area = diameter squared times 1/4 pi note: shear strengths of nails often exceed the crush strength of the material in which they are used.
12" of #4 rebar = 0.668 lb/ft
44,000 psi Steel has a shear strength (in single shear) of 44,000 psi; in double shear of 88,000 psi. The area in shear is the diameter of the shaft times the length of the shaft under stress. If it passes through two 1/4" plates with forces acting in opposite directions the shaft will fail with the application of 22,000 pounds of force. If it passes through three sheets of 1/4" plate (with the force on the center plate opposite the other two) the plate will fail with the application of 23,750 pounds of force (compression {crush} failure).
between 4 and 6$ per stick.
4
Advantages: 1) The test's simplicity and, in the case of sands, the ease of specimen preparation. 2) The travel of the machine can be reversed to determine the residual shear strength values, which is shear strength parameters at large displacements. 3) Shear box represents a cheaper method in determining the drained shear strength parameters for coarse-grained soil. Preparing soil samples for other testing methods is relatively difficult and expensive. disadvantages: 1) The main one: drainage conditions cannot be controlled. 2) As pore water pressure cannot be measured, only the total normal stress can be determined, although this is equal to the effective normal stress if the pore water pressure is zero. 3) Only an approximation to the state of pure shear is produced in the specimen and shear stress on the failure plane is not uniform, failure occurring progressively from the edges towards the center of the specimen. 4) The area under the shear and vertical loads does not remain constant throughout the test.
You have to find a chart that will indicate the weight per unit of measure for the appropriate rebar size. Than take that and multiply it by the the length of the rebar. For example, a #4 rebar weighs 0.668 lbs/ft. If you have 5 @ 20-00 pieces that is 0.668 X 20 X 5 = 67 lbs. Charts are available throughout the web or at CRSI.org.
the average shear stress is 3/4 the maximum shear stress for a circular section
You need the size of the rebar involved to calculate the weight. Charts can be found at CRSI.org or Rebarapps.com. Than take that and multiply it by the the length of the rebar. For example, a #4 rebar weighs 0.668 lbs/ft. If you have 5 @ 20-00 pieces that is 0.668 X 20 X 5 = 67 lbs. You need to know the size of the bar to calculate.
You have to find a chart that will indicate the weight per unit of measure for the appropriate rebar size. Than take that and multiply it by the the length of the rebar. For example, a #4 rebar weighs 0.668 lbs/ft. If you have 5 @ 20-00 pieces that is 0.668 X 20 X 5 = 67 lbs. Charts are available throughout the web or at CRSI.org.
You have to find a chart that will indicate the weight per unit of measure for the appropriate rebar size. Than take that and multiply it by the the length of the rebar. For example, a #4 rebar weighs 0.668 lbs/ft. If you have 5 @ 20-00 pieces that is 0.668 X 20 X 5 = 67 lbs. Charts are available throughout the web or at CRSI.org.
Kid Justice - 2013 A Shear Disaster 1-4 was released on: USA: 18 April 2013