Regolith.
Regolith.
Water on top of soil is called surface water or runoff.
The process by which surface water soaks into the soil is called infiltration. This process involves the water moving from the surface through the soil layers and eventually recharging the groundwater.
Topsoil.
Soil, (regolith).
A cross section in soil is called a soil profile. It shows the different layers of soil and their characteristics from the surface down to the bedrock.
The sun heats the soil through a process called solar radiation, where sunlight warms the surface of the soil. The soil then absorbs this heat, which in turn warms the layers below the surface.
The answer is Soil Profile------------------------------------
The process is called infiltration. It occurs when water on the surface of the ground penetrates the soil and moves downward.
Groundwater.
Water that is absorbed through the soil surface is called seepage. This is water that soaks into the ground, usually in a low spot of the area.
It is a science dealing with soils called Pedology . soil science is the study of soil as a natural resource on the surface of the earth .