By conquest.
Iran
Persia (modern Iran).
the territory in south America is the Empire of Inca located in Brazil
The southwestern part of the Persian Empire is located in the continent of Asia.
Egypt.
Egypt.
He built it by taking over the Babylonian and Lydian Empires, and consolidating these and Persian-Mede territory.
It established a territory from Asia Minor to the Indus River. Within this territory it attemped to maintain peace, prosperity, security and used local government to rule, under Persian provincial governors (satraps).
The Persian Empire rose in Persia and Media. Israel was a minor and insignificant territory with the Palestine, ruled by a foreign aristocracy imported by Assyria two hundred years earlier.
I believe the correct answer is The Safavid Empire.
The main weakness was their size. With such a large territory it was hard to control and protect everyone