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No, it must be permanently attached, meaning welded, to count as part of the barrel length.
It is used to reduce the recoil of the rifle and as a grip for cocking the barrel.
Depends on condition- anywhere from $150-$350.
Assuming the gun is a Weatherby Mark-V then probably. Weatherby's Accubrake is typically threaded on the gun, and it is not a bad idea to unscrew the muzzlebrake ever so often and clean the threads. However, it is not uncommon to use bonding agents such a locktite in place to keep the muzzle-brake from unscrewing itself under the force of recoil. Depending on the bonding agent use this can make un-screwing the muzzle brake range from difficult to pipe-dream. It is also important to note that muzzle-brakes do more than just reduce recoil. Once a gun has been threaded for a muzzle-brake, said brake also pulls double duty helping to protect the crown of the barrel and has an effect on the barrel's rigidity. If you remove your muzzle-brake you should probably put it back, or replace it with a thread protector before firing the gun. If you firearm is not a standard Mark-V Weatherby, or you cannot unscrew your muzzle-brake you should have a gunsmith take a look at the gun for you.
A flash suppressor is intended to dissipate muzzle flash so as not to hamper the firer's vision in low light conditions. Sometimes, a muzzle brake is mistaken for a flash suppressor. A muzzle brake vents gases from the barrel in a direction intended to counter the recoil of the weapon, thus making it more controllable. However, a flash suppressor does not function as a muzzle brake, nor does a muzzle brake function as a flash suppressor.
you just unscrew the muzzle brake and replace it with the silencer
I am fairly certain it is the rifled part of the barrel, not including the chamber, from the headspace ledge to the muzzle, and including any permanant non-rifled attachments to the muzzle. Therefore, a rifle with a fifteen inch barrel can be legal if it has a muzzle brake or compensator which brings its length to over sixteen inches.
If you mean a muzzle brake or barrel weight, yes. It can change the vibration pattern in the barrel when the rifle is fired, changing the point of impact. Anything added to a barrel, such as a sound suppressor, will affect the zero.
A compensator on a handgun is something that vents the hot gasses and pressure upward, which pushes the barrel downward. This is a way of reducing muzzle rise or muzzle "flip" which is the upward component of recoil. (The reason a handgun flips upward when you shoot it is because the recoil is generated in the barrel, and the barrel sits above the place you grab the gun.) A compensator is sometimes called a muzzle brake. The same effect can be achieved by "porting" a gun's barrel, which means to drill some small holes in the top side just a short distance back from the muzzle.
Yes, factory made to be legal. Also since a suppressor diverts the gases created by the propellant it can replace a muzzle brake.
the store
A muzzle brake is a device that is designed to redirect propellant gases in a firearm or cannon. Surefire and Brownells are two great sites for learning more about muzzle brakes.