What is the type of replication of DNA that occurs in laboratory vessel?

Answer 1

I'm not entirely clear about what you're asking. Labs do a lot of things with DNA. However, generally DNA is made in most laboratories more or less the same way DNA is made in cells: using an enzyme called a DNA polymerase which uses one strand of DNA as a template to make a second strand from free dNTPs. This type of replication I suppose would be called in vitro replication or, more commonly PCR (polymerase chain reaction) which is no doubt explained elsewhere on this site.

For large scale DNA replication, I believe the standard protocol is still bacterial transformation. The DNA of interest is enclosed in a ring of DNA, called a vector, capable of being carried within bacteria. The vector is then inserted into chemically treated bacteria and then the bacteria are allowed to grow in culture overnight. As the bacteria multiply and divide, they also copy the vector DNA and your DNA of interest, increasing the amount of vector DNA by severl orders of magnitude. After culturing a large volume of bacteria, you can then lyse the cells and purify out the DNA you wanted to replicate.

DNA can also be synthesized from modified bases chemically, but this generally can only make relatively small strands of DNA.