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Registers are a special type of memory that are dedicated to micro-controllers (or CPUs). Controllers have register-memory for speed.

The slowest part of any computer is the bus. The bus is the wiring that connects different components. In this case the micro-controller and main memory. While main memory and the micro-controller are both very fast, the wiring between them is slow.

Should the micro-controller have to be slow to compensate for the slow wiring?

The solution is to have register-memory. Memory physically part of the micro-controller that allows the controller to use it instantly. The controller can then move data from a register to RAM as soon as the bus is available.


Register-memory comes from the concept of a Cash Register [1879]. A cash register is used to perform transactions and store money on it's way to a vault the same way a CPU or micro-controller stores data on its way to main memory.

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14y ago
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10y ago

Registers have many uses:

  • data storage
  • address storage
  • instruction storage during decoding
  • storage between stages of logic in a pipeline
  • processor status/mode storage
  • input/output parallel/serial conversion
  • resynchronization between sections running at different clock speeds
  • etc.
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Q: What is mean by registers in micro controller?
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