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Mutation

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10y ago
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1w ago

New alleles are introduced into a population through mutations in DNA which can occur spontaneously, typically during the process of DNA replication. Mutations can result from errors in DNA replication, exposure to environmental factors such as radiation or chemicals, or random genetic recombination during sexual reproduction.

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Q: What is ultimately responsible for introducing new alleles into a population?
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What effect does a bottleneck have on the allele frequency of a population?

A bottleneck can lead to a significant reduction in the genetic diversity of a population, causing certain alleles to be lost and others to become more common. This can increase the frequency of rare alleles and result in genetic drift, potentially leading to an increase in genetic diseases or reduced fitness in the population.


Explain how different factors can affect a population's gene pool?

Factors such as mutations, gene flow (migration), genetic drift, natural selection, and non-random mating can all affect a population's gene pool. Mutations introduce new genetic variation, gene flow can introduce new alleles, genetic drift can cause random changes in allele frequencies, natural selection can favor certain alleles, and non-random mating can lead to preferential inheritance of specific genotypes, ultimately influencing the genetic diversity of the population.


Do alleles behave the same way no matter what the population size is?

In small populations, genetic drift can have a greater impact on allele frequencies, leading to more rapid changes than in large populations where genetic drift has a smaller effect. Additionally, in small populations, the effects of genetic drift can increase the likelihood of alleles being lost through random sampling.


The collection of all the genes in a population is called?

The collection of all the genes in a population is called the gene pool. This gene pool contains all of the genetic variation within a population, which can be passed on to future generations through reproduction.


What happens when a population is not evolving?

When a population is not evolving, it means that the allele frequencies within the population are remaining stable over generations. This could occur if the population is experiencing no mutations, no gene flow, no genetic drift, no natural selection, and if mating is completely random. In essence, the population is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium.