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A small founding population of a few hundred Europeans in North America had an unusually high frequency of an allele that causes polydactyly six fingers Many generations that followed had cases of?
The Founder Effect The founder effect is when a few individuals of a species form a new population. The gene pool composition, therefore, is not reflective of the gene pool of the original population. Think of this as a small number of people starting their own colony. This is an example of the Founder effect because Polydactyly is a dominant trait. And in a large population, it will be rare finding a person with a 6th digit. In a smaller population, however, polydactyly has a higher frequency of this allele, because the smaller the population, the higher the sensitivity for inbreeding and lower genetic variation. So, polydactyly (dominant allele) + Increase inbreeding= Higher polydactyly allele frequency.
A situation in which allele frequencies change as a result of the migration of a small subgroup of a population is know as the?
founder effect
What happens when a population is not evolving?
When a population is not evolving, it means that the allele frequencies within the population are remaining stable over generations. This could occur if the population is experiencing no mutations, no gene flow, no genetic drift, no natural selection, and if mating is completely random. In essence, the population is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium.
Why might a harmful allele persist in a population for many generations?
A harmful allele may persist in a population due to genetic drift, where chance events can lead to its continued presence. Additionally, if the allele is recessive or has a late-onset effect, it may not be selectively disadvantageous enough to be eliminated by natural selection. Finally, a harmful allele may also persist if it is linked to a beneficial allele in the genome, creating a genetic trade-off.
Do alleles behave the same way no matter what the population size is?
In small populations, genetic drift can have a greater impact on allele frequencies, leading to more rapid changes than in large populations where genetic drift has a smaller effect. Additionally, in small populations, the effects of genetic drift can increase the likelihood of alleles being lost through random sampling.
Which is an example of genetic drift?
Allele frequencies change randomly each generation. APEX
The number of trout in a lake drops when the lake is polluted. The trout population increases but the allele frequency is different than it was before the pollution. What type of effect is this?
Apex . . bottleneck
What is a change in allele frequency that results from the migration of a small subgroup of a population called?
This is known as the founder effect, where a small subgroup establishes a new population with a different allele frequency compared to the original population.
How are the bottleneck effect and founder effect related as examples of genetic drift in population genetics?
The bottleneck effect and founder effect are both examples of genetic drift in population genetics. The bottleneck effect occurs when a large population is drastically reduced in size, leading to a loss of genetic diversity. The founder effect happens when a small group of individuals establishes a new population, leading to a limited gene pool. Both effects can result in changes in allele frequencies and genetic variation within a population.
What effect does natural selection have on the allele frequency of a population?
In the next generation that trait increases in frequency above the frequency in the current generation.
How does genetic drift lead to a change in a populations gene pool?
Genetic drift reduces variation in a population through allele loss, there are 2 situations of GD: a) Bottleneck effect: number of individuals is reduced significantly by a random event b) Founder effect: few individuals are separated and establish their own population both situations result in different allele frequency representations in new populations from their previous population`s
What is the effect of a bottleneck on allele frequencies?
A bottleneck can reduce genetic diversity by decreasing the population size, leading to a loss of alleles. This can increase the likelihood of genetic drift and limit the ability of the population to adapt to changing environments. It can also increase the frequency of deleterious alleles due to random fluctuations in the small population.
What are two processes through which genetic drift can occur?
Random events in small populations and the founder effect. The first can be just about any thing, but the second is about the emigration of a part of a population to another area/population. These emigrants are not fully representative of the parent populations allele frequency; hence drift.Other causes of genetic drift:1- Changes in allele frequency: Sometimes, there can be random fluctuations in the numbers of alleles in a population. These changes in relative allele frequency, called genetic drift, can either increase or decrease by chance over time.Typically, genetic drift occurs in small populations, where infrequently-occurring alleles face a greater chance of being lost.2- population bottleneck : Genetic drift is common after a population experiences a population bottleneck. A population bottleneck arises when a significant number of individuals in a population die or are otherwise prevented from breeding, resulting in a drastic decrease in the size of the population.3-Distribution: How does the physical distribution of individuals affect a population? A species with a broad distribution rarely has the same genetic makeup over its entire range. For example, individuals in a population living at one end of the range may live at a higher altitude and encounter different climatic conditions than others living at the opposite end at a lower altitude.4- Migration: Migration is the movement of organisms from one location to another. Although it can occur in cyclical patterns (as it does in birds), migration when used in a population genetics context often refers to the movement of individuals into or out of a defined population.5-Random chance
A flood kills most of a population of ants that lives near a river. After the flood the ant population increases but its allele frequencies are different. What does this situation represent?
bottleneck (apex) [correct]
Types of genetic drift?
There are two main types of genetic drift: population bottleneck and founder effect. Population bottleneck occurs when a population's size is drastically reduced, leading to a loss of genetic diversity. Founder effect occurs when a small group of individuals establishes a new population with limited genetic variation.
A small founding population of a few hundred Europeans in North America had an unusually high frequency of an allele that causes polydactyly six fingers Many generations that followed had cases of?
The Founder Effect The founder effect is when a few individuals of a species form a new population. The gene pool composition, therefore, is not reflective of the gene pool of the original population. Think of this as a small number of people starting their own colony. This is an example of the Founder effect because Polydactyly is a dominant trait. And in a large population, it will be rare finding a person with a 6th digit. In a smaller population, however, polydactyly has a higher frequency of this allele, because the smaller the population, the higher the sensitivity for inbreeding and lower genetic variation. So, polydactyly (dominant allele) + Increase inbreeding= Higher polydactyly allele frequency.
What is genic drift?
Genetic drift is change in allele frequencies due to random chance events. Two types are the Founder effect and the Bottleneck effect. The founder effect is when a subset of a population goes to a new are where there are no other of that same species. The bottleneck effect is when a large population is reduced to a small population. Genetic drift decreases variation in a population and has a greater effect on a smaller population than a larger one.
