Volcanic Ash is the material produced from volcanic eruptions which is ejected into the atmosphere. It is normally comprised of carbon and mineral based debris, rock strata, granite, basault dust etc.
This material sits in the atmosphere and actually absorbs thermal energy and also helps to shield the earth from sunlight, as a result it lowers global temperatures slightly when there is a large eruption akin to either Krakatoa or St helens. It is thought volvanic eruptions could actually slow down global warming.
yes, look at the mini ice age in the 18th century
Yes it is very true
true
Yes water cycle affect weather pattern and climate. They are changed after precipitation.
Elevation, Distance from equator, and Wind patterns.
Your question can be rephrased as two linked question. "How does climate affect patterns of heating and cooling?" and "How do mountains and bodies of water affect climate?" The answer to the first should be obvious to you. The second is not really an HVAC question.
Weather and climate.
It depends on the type and size of the eruption. Most volcanic eruptions do not cause more than localized disruptions. Extremely large eruptions can cause ash to fall thousands of miles away and change weather patterns worldwide.
Volcanoes erupt gases that change Earth's atmosphere. The volcanic ash and clouds can affect the air and atmosphere
Tornadoes do not affect climate. Climate is the long term trend in weather patterns while a tornado is a short lived effect. Temperature inside a tornado is lower than it is in the surrounding environment. However, you would only experience this while inside the tornado itself.
Meteorologists study atmospheric phenomena along with weather patterns. They then relate their findings to how weather and climate affect life on earth.
The factors that affect the climate of Southern Europe include proximity to the Mediterranean Sea, mountain ranges that can block or channel weather patterns, latitude, and prevailing wind patterns. The Mediterranean climate in Southern Europe is characterized by hot, dry summers and mild, wet winters.