All bone marrow transplants require bone marrow from a donor; the purpose of the transplant is to replace the patient's bone marrow (that no longer works) with some that does work, which clearly cannot come from the patient (since they have none that works). Hence a donor must be used.
There is yellow bone marrow and red bone marrow.
red marrow
a marrow
Cancellous bone, or spongy bone, has many open spaces and contains marrow. It is softer and weaker than compact bone.
Flat bones in adult and almost all bones in children
Leukemia is a general description of any cancer of the blood and bone marrow.
Infants grow relatively fast and need quite a lot of red blood cells, which are only produced in red bone marrow. As the infants grow older, much of the red bone marrow is gradually replaced by yellow bone marrow containing a special kind of fat that gives it its yellowish color. If the body needs more red blood cells than the remaining red marrow is capable of producing, some of the yellow marrow changes to red marrow.
Illnesses where the body has trouble making new blood cells
The kind of marrow that produces red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets is red marrow which is found in the bones.
Sometimes. In an allogeneic bone marrow transplant the bone marrow is taken from a donor and infused into a recipient. Usually the recipient has undergone intensive radiation therapy in order to wipe out the immune system so that it will not attack the foreign bone marrow cells (reject it) and the donor marrow has had some cells that would attack the recipient removed. In an autologous transplant bone marrow is removed from the patients, treated in some way, and then infused back into the patient. It can be frozen and saved while the patient undergoes some kind of therapy and then thawed and reinfused. In a syngeneic transplant marrow from one identical twin is infused into the other twin. This one is pretty cool because no treatment is needed to prevent rejection (but the recipient will probably still receive treatment for the disease.
Illnesses where the body has touble making new blood cells
The part of bone you are asking about is called compact bone, or cortical bone.