The Gemini Program
None. Apollo 11, commanded by Neil Armstrong, was the first
Yes, Buzz Aldrin and Neil Armstrong knew each other before their mission to the moon together. They were both astronauts in NASA's space program and had trained and worked together for years leading up to the Apollo 11 mission.
The rocket wasn't called "Apollo". The specific NASA project to put a man on the moon was called "The Apollo Project" - Armstrong did not name it, it was called that before he got involved with it. He did have the privilege of naming the lunar landing vehicle, though, which was called "Eagle".
There was no Apollo 2. Apollo 1 was to have been the first manned Apollo flight, but it caught fire during a routine ground test a month before the scheduled launch. All 3 astronauts inside died. I think you're asking which astronaut orbited the moon while Armstrong and Aldrin walked below. That man would be Michael Collins, who accompanied Armstrong and Aldrin on Apollo 11.
4 astronauts walked on the moon in 1969. They were Neil Armstrong, Edwin "Buzz" Aldrin, Charles Conrad and Alan Bean.
So the Americans could get to the moon before the Russians.
Neil Armstrong, and Buzz Aldrin. There were 3 Apollo Missions before this (the Apollo 11) to test if it was possible to send humans to the moon.
The Apollo program was started by President John F. Kennedy in 1961, with the goal of landing a man on the Moon and bringing him back safely to Earth before the end of the decade.
Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin spent about 21.5 hours on the lunar surface during the Apollo 11 mission. Armstrong's famous first step onto the moon came about 6 hours after landing. They then explored, conducted experiments, and collected samples before returning to the Apollo module and eventually to Earth.
The ten Gemini missions were before Apollo and tested many of the procedures necessary before Apollo could proceed, such as spacewalking, docking and rendezvous techniques. Prior to them were the Mercury missions.See the Web Links to the left for more information.
Neil Armstrong met all the requirements and had a desire to fly in space. Because of his work on the X-15 program Neil was actually the only Apollo-era astronaut to have his astronaut pin before joining NASA.