Among muzzle loaders, caplocks and flintlocks do not use 209 primers.
Both would work, however a standard 209 should be plenty, and a magnum primer runs the risk of blow-back that could damage you and or the gun.
Federal 209A primers are hotter than Federal 209 primers and are hotter than Winchester or Remmington or CCI 209 primers. To duplicate your load when substituting Federal 209A primers in place of any other 209 primer, use 1 grain less powder for like performance.
Basically the modern muzzleloaders you are talking about use a mechanism with a firing pin, just like a modern cartridge rifle, rather than a flat hammer and nipple, like a typical antique percussion gun. These modern guns use some kind of modern primer, either a 209 primer or a pistol or rifle primer in some kind of 'module', and this primer is struck by a firing pin in the bolt, just as it would be in a cartridge gun. So... the primer and firing mechanism are like a modern gun. But the main charge and projectile are still loaded only through the muzzle, which is why a ramrod must be used. Really the only reason for the existance of these guns is to allow people to hunt in reserved black powder muzzle-loading hunts using guns which are easier to use for someone accustomed to modern rifles and shotguns, and also more weather-resistant than traditional percussion or flintlock guns.
#11 cap originally but there are conversions for them to use larger 209 shotshell primers to ignit pellets better.
It's primer made with a latex or acrylic base. You can use any kind of paint over this.
Long guns and hand guns.
It depends what kind of finish you will put on it, and whether it will be indoors our out: Indoors, latex paint: use latex wood primer Indoors, varnish: no primer required but can be stained, may need multiple coats Indoors, oil base: use an interior oil base primer Outdoors, latex paint: use an exterior latex wood primer Outdoors, varnish: no primer required but can be stained, use exterior varnish Outdoors, oil base: use an exterior oil base primer It depends what kind of finish you will put on it, and whether it will be indoors our out: Indoors, latex paint: use latex wood primer Indoors, varnish: no primer required but can be stained, may need multiple coats Indoors, oil base: use an interior oil base primer Outdoors, latex paint: use an exterior latex wood primer Outdoors, varnish: no primer required but can be stained, use exterior varnish Outdoors, oil base: use an exterior oil base primer
Which soldiers?
guns?
Primer, type depends on the type of wood.
Rifles, hand guns, shot guns, sub machine guns.
You can use either a water or oil-based paint over a latex primer.