AUI
Ethernet ( not sure )
Ethernet port
A router interface is a point of connection between the router and a network segment, allowing data to flow in and out of the router. Each interface can be assigned an IP address, enabling routing decisions based on the destination of the data packets. Interfaces can be physical (like Ethernet ports) or virtual (like VLAN interfaces), and they play a crucial role in the router's ability to manage traffic and connect different networks.
Configuring a physical router requires software like PUTTY. while configuring router on Software like packet tracer is done on CLI (i.e. command line interface).
** The router modifies the TTL field, decrementing it by one.** The router maintains the same source and destination IP.** The router changes the source physical address to the physical address of the exit interface
Outbound interface
The IPv4 loopback interface on a Cisco IOS router is a virtual interface that is always up and operational, regardless of the physical state of the router's interfaces. It is typically assigned the IP address 127.0.0.1, but any valid IP address in the loopback range (usually 127.0.0.0/8) can be used. This interface is commonly utilized for testing and management purposes, as it allows for local communication within the router itself without relying on physical interfaces. Additionally, it is useful for routing protocol configurations and as a stable endpoint for various network services.
When implementing a router-on-a-stick configuration, you must create sub-interfaces on the router's physical interface connected to the switch, with each sub-interface assigned to a different VLAN. Each sub-interface should be configured with an IP address corresponding to its VLAN's subnet, and the encapsulation type (usually 802.1Q) must be specified for each sub-interface. Additionally, ensure that the switch ports connected to the router are set to trunk mode to allow multiple VLAN traffic to pass through the link.
it should be on back of router!
In traditional inter-VLAN routing (also known as "router-on-a-stick"), only one physical interface is required on the router. However, this single physical interface needs to be configured with multiple sub interfaces, each corresponding to a different VLAN. The router uses these sub interfaces to route traffic between VLANs. The configuration involves: One physical interface on the router (e.g., GigabitEthernet0/1). Multiple sub interfaces (e.g., GigabitEthernet0/1.10, GigabitEthernet0/1.20) corresponding to different VLANs. Each sub interface is assigned an IP address in the respective VLAN's subnet. This setup enables inter-VLAN routing by allowing the router to route traffic between the VLANs using a single physical interface.
(config)#no interface loopback x
If a router has a route in its routing table, it will have a next hop IP address and / or outbound interface. If a router does not have a route in its routing table the packet will be dropped.