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Q: What kind of signals does the search for extraterrstial intellingence look for?
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What kind of symbok is an asterisk for a character in a search?

It is commonly used as a zero-or-more wildcard character match. "o*k" matches "ok" and "oak", but not "ox".


What is called robots in SEO?

Robots.txt is a text (not html) file you put on your site to tell search robots which pages you would like them not to visit. Robots.txt is by no means mandatory for search engines but generally search engines obey what they are asked not to do. It is important to clarify that robots.txt is not a way from preventing search engines from crawling your site (i.e. it is not a firewall, or a kind of password protection) and the fact that you put a robots.txt file is something like putting a note "Please, do not enter" on an unlocked door - e.g. you cannot prevent thieves from coming in but the good guys will not open to door and enter.


What kind of chip do you need to make your gadget that generates electronic signals to send the data to a smartphone with Bluetooth?

Bluetooth actually requires several chips and some discrete parts. It also requires a software driver to control those chips. You will also have to have your gadget tested for compliance with FCC Part 15 rules.


What is the best way to describe the function of a typical transistor in an electronic circuit?

A transistor in a circuit can do many things. It can be used to amplify voltage signals, or current signals, create current and voltage sources, make buffers, and so on. Transistors also find a major use in logic circuits (ie, where signals can either be a '0' or a '1'), where they essentially act as a switch, and can be used to create inverters, AND gates, OR gates, and all sorts of useful components. By itself, a transistor is a three-terminal device that can control the current going through two of its terminals through the voltage applied at the third terminal. But there are many applications for a transistor in its many different configurations, which is why it is so important in modern electronic technology.


How do you compare items in a linked list?

You compare items in a linked list by searching for them. Iterate through the list, comparing elements with the search key. If you encounter end-of-list, then the key is not found, otherwise you have found the element desired. Note that this is a half linear search. Statistically, if an element is to be found, it will be found at the halfway point, assuming uniformly random distribution of data. In the worst case, if the element is not found, it will always take a full search to prove that. You could keep the linked list in order, by inserting each element before the element that has higher key value. This would reduce search time to half, because searching would stop with the element with higher key value. Searching is not a very efficient use of a linked-list. It would be better to use some kind of ordered list, perhaps a dynamic array with binary search, or a balanced binary tree, which has similar search performance but one with the most cost to design and implement. Linked-lists are better for keeping elements in the order they were encountered or inserted, such as processing tokens in a compiler. Sorry, but every solution has its tradeoffs.