A supernova is an exploding star. The Earth would be instantly incinerated, of course. There is approximately zero chance this will ever happen, though. If there was a supernova near Earth ... it would depend on how near. Betelgeuse is a good candidate for a supernova "soon" (within the next million years or so). Scientists who have modeled supernova explosions don't expect it will have much of an impact. If a star nearer than Betelgeuse were to go supernova, then it might be more serious.
A star 30 times the mass of our Sun will quickly exhaust its hydrogen, go supernova and probably form a "black hole".
The closest supernova, or more correctly supernova remnant, is the Vela supernova remnant [See Link] in the constellation Vela. The "guest" star exploded about 11 - 12,000 years ago and is located around 800 light years from Earth.
The size of the star
There are many factors involved, perhaps the most important is the mass of the star. The star go through various stages and end in a final state depending on that mass. It can grow to a red giant and eventually settle to a white dwarf and ultimately a black dwarf. It can explode as a nova or supernova in which case it can end as a neutron star, pulsar or black hole, once again depending on the mass
A supernova is a star that has exploded into dust and gas. A white-dwarf is a small, hot, dense star nearing the end of its life, that did not have enough mass to go supernova. So the answer is "none".
A star will become a supernova only once.However, a white dwarf can have multiple novaeruptions.See related questions
Never. A star must be about 10 times the mass of the sun or more to go supernova.
There is no way of knowing which star will next go "supernova".However, closer to home, Betelgeuse is the most likely to produce a supernova - within humanities lifetime.
well what you gotta do is go home a smoke weed
Currently, there is no real way of knowing when a star will go supernova within a few thousand to million years. There are signs, that a star will go supernova based on physics and observations but WHEN is a problem. A star will "pulse" in a "last breath" prior to going supernova, but like death itself, no one really knows, when that last breath will happen. Betelgeuse, is experiencing those "last breaths" but when it will happen, or has happened, we will not know until we see the brilleint outburst from Earth.
No. A neutron star is left behind after a supernova. However, some gamma ray bursts may result from a collision between neutron stars.
Under certain conditions, a large star can go supernova, and blast itself to smithereens. Our star (Sol, or Sun) cannot go supernova unless it would somehow 'capture' a white dwarf. This would be billions of years from now, so don't worry.
the color of the stars usually determines how old and how hot the star is it can also determine when the star will go supernova
It's quite possible that we MAY see Betelgeuse go supernova. It may have already happened but as the star is over 600 light years away, the light will take a while to reach us.
A nova is a star which has a close companion star, and draws stellar material off of it's companion, occasionally flaring up very brightly in the process. A supernova is a massive and hot star to begin with, that tends to go through it's life cycle at high speed, and ending it's life in a cataclysmic explosion. Supernova remnants then collapse into a neutron star - a spinning, very hot pile of stellar ash, so dense that a teaspoonful of it would weigh thousands of tons. If the collapsed supernova star was big enough, it's gravity upon collapse is so intense than not even light can escape from it, and it becomes what is called a "Black Hole".
A supernova (massive explosion triggered by a number of different fashions) causes the "brilliant flash of light", this then results in a status change of the star which can become a neutron star or black hole (through gravitational collapse) or alternatively when a white dwarf accumulates enough mass it can undergo a runaway nuclear fission event which cause it to go supernova.