The following degrees would probably be useful - Maths, Computer Science, Software Engineering and Physics as programming requires some fairly advanced mathematics which the courses described would provide.
Lee College in Baytown, Texas offers a game design degree. Richland College in Dallas, Texas has a "Interactive Simulation and Game Technology" department, which offers game design degrees. Also, Devry University has several locations in Texas that offer "Web Game Programming", "Game and Simulation Programming", and "Graphic and Multimedia Design" as degrees.
There is no actual video game design degree. Some degrees commonly associated with video game design include programming, art, music, design, level design, management, and other degrees to name a few.
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You can take on-line classes in video game design and programming that will lead to an Associate, Bachelor's or Master's degrees. This link provides information on two such colleges that have a variety of fields available to those wanting to pursue video game design: http://www.guidetoonlineschools.com/degrees/art/video-game-design
Ron Penton has written: 'MUD Game Programming (Game Development)' 'Beginning C# game programming' -- subject(s): C# (Computer program language), Computer games, Programming
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Typically, yes... Game designers may use specialized computer languages that are optimized for gaming, but it still requires the type of logic that computer programming in general would employ.
That depends on what part of the industry they are interested in: Audio, Programming, Graphics. We are at a cross roads in this industry - the advice given in the past to people interested in video games was: "Get a computer, make a game and then find someone that will take a look at it." Now, the games are much more sophisticated, they cost a lot of money and it takes a team. There are many curriculums that offer audio, graphics and programming degrees that will help, but if you can find a curriculum that offers these degrees and is video game specific, you'll be much better prepared.
There are various companies and websites that offer Java game programming software and how-to. Some of these companies that offer information are Game Dev and Zet Code.
Usually when your computer programming, your developing software for a company. Depending on who and what is needed, is where your career will change. Video game programming is an example where you will develop software for a video game company.
There are actual degrees in "Game design" or similar degrees in University.