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What law created the US Supreme Court with a Chief Justice and five Associate Justices?
Wiki User
∙ 13y ago
The Judiciary Act of 1789
Wiki User
∙ 13y ago
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Describe how the judicary act provided the framework for the nation's court system?
The Judiciary Act created the positions of the Supreme Court, the Chief of Justice, and five associate justices.
How is the supreme court structured and what are the responsibilities?
Each state has its own court system. These courts are created by state statute or constitution to enforce state civil and criminal laws. Most of the states have trial courts, intermediate courts of appeal, and a supreme court.
Who were the original six justices on the US Supreme Court?
The original Justices were:Chief Justice:John Jay, New YorkAssociate Justices:John Rutledge, South CarolinaWilliam Cushing, MassachusettsJames Wilson, PennsylvaniaJohn Blair, VirginiaJames Iredell, North CarolinaThe US Supreme Court convened for the first time on February 2, 1790, pursuant to the Judiciary Act of 1789, which created the federal court system.The original six members, one Chief Justice and five Associate Justices, were all nominated by President Washington and confirmed by the United States Senate.
Who are all the justices who served on the US Supreme Court?
*At any given time, there may be only 8, or even fewer justices serving on the US Supreme Court. Justices may die in office, or retire. As of early 2016, the serving Justices are:John G. Roberts, Jr., Chief Justice of the United States, was appointed to the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit in 2003. President George W. Bush nominated him as Chief Justice of the United States, after the death of former Chief Justice William H. Rehnquist. He joined the Court on September 29, 2005.Anthony M. Kennedy, Associate Justice, was appointed to the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit in 1975. President Reagan nominated him as an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court in 1988.Clarence Thomas, Associate Justice, became a Judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit in 1990. President Bush nominated him as an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court in 1991.Ruth Bader Ginsburg, Associate Justice, was appointed a Judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit in 1980. President Clinton nominated her as an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court in 1993.Stephen G. Breyer, Associate Justice, served as a Judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the First Circuit, and as its Chief Judge, 1990-1994. He also served as a member of the Judicial Conference of the United States, 1990-1994, and of the United States Sentencing Commission, 1985-1989. President Clinton nominated him as an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court in 1994.Samuel Anthony Alito, Jr., Associate Justice, was appointed to the United States Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit in 1990. President George W. Bush nominated him as an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court in 2006.Sonia Sotomayor, Associate Justice, was nominated to the U.S. District Court, Southern District of New York by George HW Bush. She served in that capacity from 1992-1998, then became a judge on the United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit from 1998-2009. President Barack Obama nominated her as an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court in 2009.Elena Kagan, Associate Justice, was nominated to the position of US Solicitor General by President Obama in 2009. She served as Associate White House Counsel under the Clinton Administration from 1995-1999. Kagan, an expert on Constitutional Law, was a former law professor and Dean of Harvard Law School. President Obama nominated her as an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court in 2010.---* The most recent Associate Justice to die in office (February 13, 2016) wasAntonin Scalia, Associate Justice, who had been appointed Judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit in 1982. President Reagan nominated him as an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court in 1986.
How many justice are currently on the US supreme court?
The US Supreme court is currently comprised of 1 Chief Justice and 8 Associate Justices - for a total of 9 justices. Article III of the United States Constitution gives Congress the authority to set the number of justices. The Judiciary Act of 1789 set the number at six justices. As the nation grew in size, more circuit courts were created and Congress added justices to correspond with the growing number of judicial circuits: seven in 1807, nine in 1837, and ten in 1863. In 1866, Congress passed an act providing that the next three justices to retire would not be replaced, which would thin the bench to seven justices by attrition. One seat was removed in 1866 and a second in 1867. Before a third justice retired, the Circuit Judges Act of 1869 returned the number of justices to nine, and it has remained at 9 ever since. In 1937 President Franklin D. Roosevelt was getting frustrated with the Supreme Court ruling that many of his programs were unconstitutional and attempted to convince Congress to expand the size of the court by appointing one additional justice for each incumbent justice who reached the age of 70 years 6 months and refused retirement, up to a maximum of 15 justices. He suggested that the additional justices would lighten the load on the most elderly justices, but his real motivation was quite transparent and the proposal went down in flames when voted upon by Congress.
When was International Court of Justice created?
International Court of Justice was created in 1945.
Were there ever fewer than nine US Supreme Court justices?
Justices on Supreme CourtCongress has the power set the number of Supreme Court Justices and has the power to change the number of justices. Over the years, the number of justices has varied from 5 to 10. Since 1869, the number has remained at 9. Eight associate justices and one Chief Justice. In 1937 President Franklin D. Roosevelt attempted to get Congress to increase the number of justices to 15 but they refused.AnswerThe Supreme Court of the United States comprises ninejustices: one Chief Justice, and eight Associate Justices.The Judiciary Act of 1789 provided for a 6-member Court, with a Chief Justice and 5 Associate Justices. Congress adjusted the size of the Court a number of times through the during the 19th-century.Judiciary Act of 1801: Court size, 5Repeal Act of 1802: Court size, 6Judiciary Act of 1807: Court size, 7Judiciary Act of 1837: Court size, 9Judiciary Act of 1863: Court size, 10Judiciary Act of 1866: Court size, 7Judiciary Act of 1867: Court size, 8Judiciary Act of 1869: Court size, 9After the election of President Ulysses S. Grant, Congress passed the Judiciary Act of 1869, which set the Court's membership at nine. This number has remained the same ever since.In 1937, Franklin D. Roosevelt attempted unsuccessfully to expand the membership of the court to gain support on the Court for his New Deal programs. He proposed adding one justice to the Supreme Court for every member over 70.5 years of age, with the potential of adding as many as six additional justices, for a total of 15. Congress refused to pass Roosevelt's legislation; however, the President had an opportunity to nominate eight justices* to vacancies that occurred during his terms of office, which created a court more receptive to his ideas.
Why are there 9 instead of 8 justices?
Originally the top court in England had 9 justices. When the United States created its own Supreme Court, it used that number. England still is supposed to have 9 instead of 8. It only has 8 at present because it can not figure out how to appoint a chief Justice.
How many US Supreme Court justices were there in 1787?
AnswerSix or zero, depending on your perspective. Six justices (one Chief Justice and five Associate Justices) were appointed in September 1789, but the Supreme Court didn't convene for the first time until 1790. The Supreme Court had been created on paper in 1789, but did not exist as an institution until the following year.ExplanationThe first bill enacted in the U.S. Congress was the Judiciary Act of 1789, legislation that established the federal court system, including the US Supreme Court. The Act called for a total of six members, a Chief Justice and five Associate Justices, who were officially headquartered in the nation's capitol.President Washington nominated the first six justices, and the Senate confirmed his nominations within a few days, in September 1789. The US Supreme Court did not convene for the first time until February 2, 1790, however.The first Court was supposed to assemble at the Royal Exchange Building in New York City (the temporary U.S. Capital from 1783-1790) on February 1, 1790, but transportation problems delayed the initial meeting by one day, so the first session actually began on February 2, 1790.Chief Justice:John Jay, New YorkAssociate Justices:John Rutledge, South CarolinaWilliam Cushing, MassachusettsJames Wilson, PennsylvaniaJohn Blair, VirginiaJames Iredell, North Carolina
Who decides number of supreme court judges?
As of 2011, the Chief Justice of the United States receives an annual salary of $223,500, and the Associate Justices receive annual salaries of $213,900. To read how much the first Supreme Court justices earned, see Related Questions, below.
Did the judiciary act of 1789 establish?
The Judiciary Act of 1789 created a the beginning of the three-tiered Federal Court system and established the US Supreme Court as head of the Judicial branch of government. The Act specified the Supreme Court was to consist of six justices, one who would serve as Chief Justice and five associate justices. Congress also created three US Circuit Courts, and thirteen District Courts within eleven states, all inferior to the Supreme Court. The act provided an avenue of appeal from state courts to federal court on questions involving federal law and US constitutional matters. For more information, see Related Questions, below.
How many supreme court justices must a president appoint during a four year term in office?
A president is not required to appoint any justices and may, in fact, not have an opportunity to do so. Justices serve for life, so presidents have to wait for a vacancy to arise through retirement or death.A president is not required to appoint any Supreme Court justices, unless there is a vacancy. The Supreme Court of the United States was created in 1789.
