A volcano. See the excellent book "Krakatoa" by Simon Winchester.
A volcano. See the excellent book "Krakatoa" by Simon Winchester.
A volcano. See the excellent book "Krakatoa" by Simon Winchester.
Mantle plumes result in the formation of hot spots.
Rift zone
Mantle plum
In an interpolated area over a rising plume of hot mantle material, one prominent feature that may form is a volcanic hotspot. This hotspot can lead to the creation of volcanic islands or chains, such as the Hawaiian Islands, as the tectonic plate moves over the stationary plume. Additionally, the intense heat and pressure can result in the melting of the crust, contributing to the formation of large igneous provinces or flood basalts.
A hot plume of mantle material, which may extend to extend to the core-mantle boundary, produces a(n) a volcanic region a few hundred kilometers across
A mantle plume is a column of hot rock rising from deep within the Earth's mantle to the surface. These plumes can cause volcanic activity and create features like hotspots and mid-ocean ridges. Mantle plumes are thought to be responsible for some of the most significant geological phenomena on Earth.
A hotspot volcano.
The Hawaiian Island chain formed from a mantle plume and moving plates. The rising mantle plume causes crustal material to melt at depth, which results in volcanism and finally in the formation of a volcanic island. Since the Pacific Plate is in continuous (although slow) movement, the same mantle plume will cause volcanism subsequently in different places and this is expressed at the surface as a chain of volcanoes or volcanic islands.
When a mantle plume reaches the surface, it can create a hotspot, leading to volcanic activity. This can result in the formation of volcanic islands, like the Hawaiian Islands. Mantle plumes are a source of heat and material that contribute to the formation of new crust and landmasses.
A place where hot mantle material rises in a semi-permanent plume, and affects the overlying crust.