Any hydrophobic ones. eg. steroids
Only nonpolar (hydrophobic) molecules can pass through the bi-lipid membrane. For example, hormones are nonpolar, and they can pass through the membrane.
It diffuses through the membrane.
Oxygen, O2, is a small enough molecule that it diffuses diwn it's concentration gradient into the cell and rather easily foes through the plasma membrane. Many small molecules can do this.
moving randomly
Some molecules can't go through the cell membrane.
Only nonpolar (hydrophobic) molecules can pass through the bi-lipid membrane. For example, hormones are nonpolar, and they can pass through the membrane.
A semipermeable membrane.
It diffuses through the membrane.
Cholestrol
Oxygen, O2, is a small enough molecule that it diffuses diwn it's concentration gradient into the cell and rather easily foes through the plasma membrane. Many small molecules can do this.
When water diffuses through a semipermeable membrane, such as a cell, it is called osmosis. In osmosis the concentration of water will differ on one side of the membrane from that of the other side. Water molecules will tend to diffuse from the high concentration side to the lower.
Water diffuses by facilitated diffusion, passing through water permeable protein channels embedded in the cell membrane. Water molecules can not pass through the lipid bilayer because water is polar. However, polar molecules pass though the cell membrane through the protein channels. The proteins that aid water in passing through the cell membrane are called aquaporins. "Aqua" for water, and "porin" for pore. A "water pore" in essence.
How do small molecules get through a cell membrane
moving randomly
Some molecules can't go through the cell membrane.
The similarity is that they both involve the movement of molecules between a membrane. In osmosis, water diffuses through a semi-permeable membrane without energy due to a difference in solute concentration between sides. In active transport, energy is used by the organism to "push" molecules through ports in the membrane, regardless of solute concentration.
Simple diffusion allows non-polar molecules to pass through and a little amount of H20. On the other hand, Facilitated diffusion allows ions and polar molecules across the membrane because it contains carrier proteins. It is highly specific to substances it diffuses across the membrane.