The temperature and what the solute is.
If a hydrocarbon C5H10 behaves as a saturated compound, it must be a cyclopentane. Saturated compounds contain only single bonds, and in the case of C5H10, cyclopentane is the only possible saturated hydrocarbon solution.
To Make a super saturated solution, you must saturate the solution fully by adding to solute to the solvent until no more dissolves. You then heat the solution and add more solute until there is undissolved solid remaining. let the solution cool, you will have a super saturated solution.
The relationship is that the product of the ion concentrations must equal the Ksp value for the solution to be saturated. If the product exceeds the Ksp value, then a precipitation reaction will occur until equilibrium is reached. Conversely, if the product is less than the Ksp value, the solution is not saturated and more solute can dissolve.
The solution must be saturated when determining solubility because it indicates that the maximum amount of solute has been dissolved in the solvent at that specific temperature. By reaching saturation, it ensures that no more solute can dissolve and allows for an accurate measurement of the solubility at that condition.
The amount of solute that can be dissolved in a solvent before the solution becomes saturated depends on the solubility of the solute in that particular solvent at a given temperature. Once the solution reaches its maximum capacity to dissolve more solute, it becomes saturated and any additional solute will not dissolve.
Being an unsaturated solution means there must be room for adding more. A saturated solution usually means that nothing more can be added to the solution. Heating and agitating may help a little in some cases.
Increasing the temperature the solubility increase.
Dew pointThe dew point is the temperature to which air must cool to be saturated.
Assuming the solid is the limiting reagent, the saturation point of the solution is reached when no more solid can dissolve in the solvent, creating a saturated solution. The solubility of the solid must be known to determine if 40g can fully dissolve in 100g of water.
The solubility of NH4Br in water at 60°C is 122 g/100g H2O. To produce a saturated solution, the mass of NH4Br that must be dissolved in 200g of water can be calculated using this ratio. Therefore, the total mass of NH4Br needed would be (122/100) x 200 = 244 grams.
The solubility of NH4Cl in water at 50°C is approximately 74 grams per 100 grams of water. To make a saturated solution, you would need to dissolve 148 grams of NH4Cl in 200 grams of water.
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