Use the lowest heat setting possible on your iron and work quickly are the main two things. For a little extra insurance, stick a spare alligator clip on the leads to help draw the excess heat away.
1. Remove the soldering iron from the holder and wipe the tip on a sponge. 2. Heat the joint to be soldered. 3. Apply solder to the joint. 4. Apply a small bit of solder to the tip of the soldering iron and return it to the holder.
A: A circuit to be useful to do work must be stable with the environment and also with reliable circuit performance. A circuit that is allow break into oscillation or other criteria is not stable therefore not much useful.
Before you change a circuit breaker it has to be established that the breaker is at fault and not some other part of the circuit.
You must correct what is wrong with it before it will work.
The total current in a transistor is the emitter current, which is the sum of the collector current and the base current. The ratio of collector current over base current, in linear mode, is beta-DC, or hFe. However, in order for linear mode to be true, the ratings of the transistor must not be exceeded, and the collector current must not be limited by the circuit. Note also that hFe is temperature dependent, and is expressed in the data sheet as a minimum, not an absolute value - it can vary from transistor to transistor.
The power source must be disconnected from the circuit under test before connecting an ohm meter to prevent potential damage to the meter or the circuit. This ensures that there are no active voltages present while taking resistance measurements.
It can be done if absolutely necessary, but usually the circuit will not function properly unless totally redesigned to compensate for the differences between the components. This is rarely worth the trouble unless a germanium substitute is not available and the circuit MUST be repaired at any cost.So unless you know exactly what you are doing and how to design transistor circuitry from scratch (after reverse engineering the old circuit), consider such substitutions to be impossible.
An NPN transistor must be biased with a positive voltage in order to "turn on". A silicon transistor must have at least .07 volts on its base to start current flow from the collector to the emitter of the transistor. Some transistors have different biasing voltages. Like a germanium transistor will "turn on" at .02 volts.
No, you cannot bring a soldering iron on a plane in your carry-on luggage. It must be packed in your checked baggage.
Turn off the power!
A: Transistor to be effective as an linear amplifier it must be operated in its linear load range. The biasing scheme is to insure that the transistor is put in its linear/load range
False. For normal operation, an NPN transistor will have the base be more positive than the emitter and less positive than the collector, with the collector more positive than the emitter. Whether the base is grounded or not depends on the chosen design configuration of the circuit.