the answer is the principle of superposition
In geology, the principle of superposition states that in any undisturbed sequence of rock layers, the youngest rocks are at the top and the oldest are at the bottom. This means that older rocks lie under younger rocks. This principle is a key concept in understanding the relative ages of geological formations.
It says the younger rocks lie above older rocks if the rocks have not been disturbed .
You may be referring to an "outlier" which is an area of older rocks surrounded by younger ones due to faulting and erosion removing layers of younger rocks and forcing older ones up into them. You may also potentially be referring to a xenolith. This is a fragment of older material that has not melted that is trapped within lava or other younger igneous material.
The older rocks that lie beneath younger rocks are referred to as "bedrock" or "subsurface strata." In geological terms, this relationship is described by the principle of superposition, which states that in an undisturbed sequence of sedimentary rocks, the oldest layers are at the bottom and the youngest are at the top. These older rocks may include various types of sedimentary, metamorphic, or igneous formations that have been buried and subsequently overlain by newer deposits.
They are used to determine the relative ages of rocks by stating that younger rocks lie above older rocks, and that rocks that cut through a layer are younger than the existing layer.
It states that younger rocks lie above older rocks if the layers have not been disturbed.
It states that younger rocks lie above older rocks if the layers have not been disturbed.
It states that younger rocks lie above older rocks if the layers have not been disturbed.
They are used to determine the relative ages of rocks by stating that younger rocks lie above older rocks, and that rocks that cut through a layer are younger than the existing layer.
This principle is known as the law of superposition, which states that in undisturbed layers of rock, the oldest rocks are found at the bottom and the youngest rocks are found at the top. Essentially, it is a key concept used in relative dating to determine the relative ages of rock layers.
If the strata layers are folded or tilted then the older rocks can be found on top of the younger rocks in a cross-section.
This principle is known as the Law of Superposition, which states that in an undisturbed sequence of rock layers, the oldest rocks are located at the bottom while the youngest rocks are found at the top. This principle helps geologists determine the relative ages of rock layers and the sequence of events in Earth's history.