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This is the iris, which is composed of layers of smooth muscles and react by reflex. We cannot control the size of our pupils voluntarily.

The iris is the colored portion of the eye around the pupil.

When bright light strikes the eye, the iris contracts very rapidly to make the pupil as small as possible. It only takes about 3 seconds, and it is a defense response to protect the delicate retinal cells from bright light.

When we move into darkness or very dim light, the iris expands to allow more light into the pupil to improve our night vision. To completely dilate, the iris requires about 20 minutes, so there is a huge difference in the rapidity of the muscles of the iris to respond to light levels.

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Q: What part of the eye contracts and dialates to adjust the amount of light entering the pupil?
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