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the pupil that is why it gets smaller in the light
An eye is a complex structure and essentially all parts of the eye are required for vision to occur. However the part of the eye which detects the focused (by the lens) light image is the retina.
The emulsion on the film of a camera is where the image is focused and captured. In the eye that function is performed by the retina.
The lens
The emulsion on the film of a camera is where the image is focused and captured. In the eye that function is performed by the retina.
The reason why shadows only go on one corner is because the light source is not focused on that specific spot (light rays do not touch that part of the eye).
The retina
It is possible for a person to determine whether ot not their eyes are focused. This can be determined by visiting an eye doctor, who will look at their eyes through specialized instruments.
If something "catches" your eye, it has snagged your attention. You are focused on that thing for whatever reason.
A laser is a beam of very strong and focused light. It is possible for this light to damage the retina of your eye permanently, and you will lose all or part of your vision.
The iris is the coloured part of the eye.
The retina is very similar to the film in a camera. Images come through the eye's lens and are focused on the retina. The retina then converts these images to electric signals and sends them by way of the optic nerve to the back lobe of the brain.