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When your body is introduced to the Hepatitis B virus, the virus is considered the antigen (the surface antigen)and this should trigger your immune system to develop antibody against this antigen to destroy it. Most people do develop Hep B surface antibody when infected with the Hep B virus. Some people do not develop the antibodyand go on to have only circulating Hep B surface antigen - which means they are a carrier and can continue to have the virus and infection. For the majority of the population that develop the Hep B surface antibody, this conveys immunity to the virus for life.
HIV, Hepatitis B, and Hepatitis C
This indicates that the person who has antibodies reactive to the Hepatitis B or C virus and likely has been exposed to the disease (and likely has it).
It means that the patient has not been exposed to hepatitis B (ie is not and has not ever been infected with it) and that the patient has not received a vaccine against hepatitis b.
Hepatitis B
Hepatitis refers to a condition in which the liver is inflamed, it can be causes by a number of different factors, including viruses. There are several hepatitis viruses, each one is distinct. Hepatitis A is vaccine preventable; it is a short-term (acute) infection and there is no cure. Hepatitis B is also vaccine preventable; it can be a short-term (acute) infection, but in cases where the immune system fails to fight off the initial infection it can become a long-term (chronic) infection. Chronic hepatitis B is not curable, but there are treatments available that can help manage viral progression and damage. Hepatitis C is NOT vaccine preventable; in some cases the immune system will fight off the initial infection, but most adults who are exposed to the hepatitis C virus will develop the chronic infection. While there is no vaccine for hepatitis C, there are medications that can get rid of the virus. Hepatitis D only occurs in combination with hepatitis B, therefore the vaccine for hepatitis B is also effective against hepatitis D.
Research shows that everyone that is exposed to trauma will develop psychological health problem.
When you first get exposed to Hepatitis B, it's called "accute". If the infection persists for more than 6 months, that's a "chronic" infection. However, some people are able to clear the infection within those first 6 months and develop immunity. So if they get exposed to Hep B in the future, they won't catch it again. A chronic infection can be dormant or active. When it is active it can be transmitted to others and it damages the liver. The goal of treatment is to get the infection to a dormant, inactive state, not to "cure it".
For viral hepatitis, the incubation period (the time it takes for a person to become infected after being exposed) varies depending on which hepatitis virus causes the disease: * For hepatitis A, the incubation period is 2 to 6 weeks. * For hepatitis B, the incubation period is between 4 and 20 weeks. * For hepatitis C, it's estimated that the incubation period is 2 to 26 weeks. Hepatitis A is usually active for a short period of time and once a person recovers, he or she can no longer pass the virus to other people. It's practically unheard for people to become chronic carriers of hepatitis A. Almost all previously healthy persons who develop hepatitis A will completely recover from their illness in a few weeks or months without long-term complications. With hepatitis B, 85% to 90% of patients recover from their illness completely within 6 months, without long-term complications. However, 75% to 85% of those who are infected with hepatitis C do notrecover completely and are more likely to continue to have a long-term infection. People with hepatitis B (the percentage who don't recover completely) or hepatitis C who continue to be infected can go on to develop chronic hepatitis and cirrhosis of the liver (the chronic degeneration and disruption of the structure of the liver). Some people with hepatitis B or C may also become lifelong carriers of these viruses and can spread them to other people.
Most of the children get exposed to hepatitis A virus due to not so good sanitation. Only few of them get hepatitis and rest get sub-clinical infection. Most of them get recovered and get immunity to the infection. Even to day also most of the rural Indian population takes treatment from the unqualified doctors. They get the hepatitis B infection from them. Most of the children recover from the infection and get immunity against the hepatitis B virus infection. Same is true for other strains of the hepatitis viruses.
There are several tests for hepatitis B which mean different things if positive (reactive). If it is the surface antigen (sAg') then it means that you have either been exposed to the infection or had the shots. If the former whether you still have the infection depends on the results of other tests.
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