The closeness to the Sun is not directly related to the mass.
Planets with a large amount of mass.
The force is called gravity. It is a force that works both ways, i.e. when the Sun's gravity operates on a planet, there isan equal an opposite force acting the other way but the Sun is so massive it hardly moves, because force equals mass times acceleration, so if mass is large the acceleration is low.
There is no necessary connection between mass and distance. The mass of a planet does not affect its orbital speed, for example. However the "giant planets" are further from the Sun than the less massive "terrestrial planets". The outer (more massive planets) contain a lot of gases. So, they would surely lose a lot of their mass if they were nearer the Sun. (In fact, we have found planets called "hot Jupiters" orbiting other stars. These are Jupiter type planets, but they orbit very close to their star.)
The sun is a huge mass, 109 times bigger than the Earth. A mass this large has it's own gravitational pull, just as Earth does. The sun pulls all the planets into line so that they can get proper sunlight and life forms on them will not die. so, the cause of the orbiting of the planets is the suns gravitational pull.
No. A supernova is star that is exploding. If any planets are orbiting a star that explodes, they will be destroyed. There is evidence that after a supernova new planets may form from the debris cloud left behind and orbit the stellar remnant, which will be either a neutron star or a black hole depending on the mass of the star that exploded..
Within the solar system, the mass of the orbiting bodies ... whether planets, asteroids, comets etc. ... has no effect on the dimensions of their orbits.
That means that two stars are close together, orbiting their common center of mass.
There are two basic ways to locate a planet orbiting another star.The first is by detecting the slight wobble of the star that is created by the gravitational pull of the planet as it orbits the star. This type of test is better at locating large planets that are close to their parent star seeing as how planets invariably have much less mass, and therefore have very little affect on the star itself. The second method is to simply look at the light coming directly from the star and wait for it to dim. This happens when an orbiting planet passes between the star and earth, essentially creating an "eclipse" type effect.
Planets are celestial bodies orbiting a star. Other things can orbit a star, so long as it has mass and the proper inertia.
It is because the sun accounts for approx 99.8% of the mass of the solar system.
Earth, the Moon, the Sun, other planets.
Not only planets but everything with mass, no matter how large or small, has a gravitational effect.