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The AVR (automatic voltage regulator) can generally be set to maintain a constant output voltage or a constant power output. This device controls the field current; as field current increases, the back emf on the generator will cause it to slow down. At this point the generator's governor will open up some valves, increasing power to the prime mover (whatever is making the generator spin), which will keep the generator spinning at its' ideal speed. The exact opposite occurs when the field current is decreased. The AVR monitors terminal or system voltage, and makes decisions based on its' settings to ramp up, ramp down, or keep the field current constant.

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Q: What practical steps are taken to ensure that voltage at generator terminals under varying voltage conditions remains constant?
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