What problem does china face today?

Answer 1

Pollution is for sure a problem, such as the growth of inequality between few riches and still too many poor .

Situation of wealth distribution is better than before communism (sorry for other answer) and China went from being a main user of FAO aid to a FAO main contributor. Meanwhile there are areas (mainly in the West and North) seriously underdeveloped and areas (i.e. in the South) where development has taken at times a path of brutal exploitation (local entrepreneurs and foreign investors are the same in the race for the worst exploiter).

A new employment law, entered in force on January 1st, is giving better rights to the workers and, up to now, it seems to be enforced.

The rapid and sometimes uncontrolled industrial growth (often uncontrolled for problems of widespread corruption in some local governments) has lead not only to pollution but to a serious loss of agricultural land, now covered by factories: this may contribute to current inflation and to problems, in the future , in food supplies: too many factories, to few fields.

Same as in the US, health care is managed on a private base (in Hong Kong and Europe we are really lucky on this subject).

It means that if you work, your company will pay an insurance for you, but once you are unemployed , you need to pay your health care: this increase problems (mainly for the vast majority of peasants, often or almost always without any health insurance) and the wealth gap between urban and rural areas. The government is working on this too, but probably too slowly.

There is a problem of lack of fuels for energy: In many area, during hot summer (in the South) or cold winters (in the north, you may have temperatures of 40 centigrades below zero) there are frequent blackouts and peoples pay consequences.

The corruption problem (also linked to the difficulties in controlling such a wide and dispersed network of local authorities from a very centralized central government) is evident, and, as in the last earthquake in Sichuan a co-cause of disaster: many of the schools destroyed by the quake were built with substandard product, and the money saved were used to bribe officers.

Huge problems, indeed, for a huge country that, in any case, has made giant progress.

About democracy and political freedom (personal freedom is not worst than in many countries considered democratic by the US, and economic freedom is may be too much) well, they will come: but the first freedom is the one to be alive, safe, have a job, a roof and enough food and public services for your family, isn't it?

Answer 2

Overpopulation, government corruption.