What problems exist in azerbaijan?

Answer 1

severe water and air pollution

Azerbaijan is what is known as a frozen conflict zone, meaning that there was a war which has not been fully resolved, even though fighting has mostly stopped. Azerbaijan and neighboring Armenia have each claimed the Nagorno-Karabakh region since 1988, three years before both became independent from the Soviet Union in 1991. The fighting ended in 1994 with a ceasefire, but the status of the region is still not determined officially. Ethnic Armenians in the region have founded a "Nagorno-Karabakh Republic", but Azerbaijan still claims the area as part of its territory. The conflict still means high tensions between Azerbaijan and Armenia; this is a delicate issue.

Azerbaijan, like many of its neighbors has had a rocky relationship with democracy. There were three coups since independence, in 1993, 1994, and 1995. There is widespread mistreatment of the press and of gay people, and although there are elections, they are often tainted by allegations of vote fraud. Freedom House ranks Azerbaijan as "Not Free", on the threshold of "Partly Free".

The Azerbaijani economy has experienced excellent growth due to oil and natural gas exports, but the economy shows some signs of what is known as "Dutch Disease", an over-reliance on one commodity. This leads to excessive inflation, which makes non-petroleum goods more expensive, and the possibility that disruptions in the oil supply could sink the economy.