imprisonment not exceeding three years and a fine not exceeding $10,000,000
A violator of the Sherman Antitrust Act can face both civil and criminal penalties. Civil penalties include fines up to $10 million for corporations and up to $350,000 for individuals for each violation. Criminal penalties can range from fines up to $100 million for corporations and $1 million for individuals, in addition to possible imprisonment for up to 10 years for individuals.
Federal legislation passed in 1890 prohibiting "monopolies or attempts to monopolize" and "contracts, combinations, or conspiracies in restraint of trade" in interstate and foreign commerce. The major purpose of the Sherman Antitrust Act was to prohibit monopolies and sustain competition so as to protect companies from each other and to protect consumers from unfair business practices. The act was supplemented by the clayton antitrust act in 1914. Both acts are enforced by the Federal Trade Commission (FTC) and the Antitrust Division of the U.S. Attorney General's office. (source: answers.com)
The Sherman Antitrust Act was suppose to deal with large trust that held monopolies from various sections. The problem with the Sherman Antitrust Act was that it had actually used to attack unions. Unions fought the monopolies in order to gain more rights for the workers such as better living conditions, higher wages, 8 hour shifts, etc. The Sherman Act outlawed practices that are believed to be harmful to the consumers. Union strikes against railroads, coal, and other industries were stomped on because of this act. The monopolies convinced the American Government that the strikes imposed by the unions were "harmful" to the consumers. Therefore the Sherman Act was a double-edged sword that made the monopolies think more before they act (still the act didn't do that much) and it was used to bring down the unions that fought against the monopolies. The monopolies would be able to weaken unions; thus allowing them to reduce working conditions that allowed them to increase their profits.
These trust agreements would result in a monopoly. To combat this sort of business behavior, Congress passed antitrust legislation.
The Sherman Act (1890) authorized the federal government to institute proceedings against trusts in order to dissolve them, but Supreme Court rulings prevented federal authorities from using the act for some years. The aim of the "Antitrust Act" was to prevent and to break up large groups of corporations (trusts) that monopolized an area of commerce, and thereby controlled the prices and operations of an industry (such as railroads, steel, or oil). Trusts eliminated the competition that would normally act to keep prices at a free market level. During his term (1901-1909) President Theodore Roosevelt became known as the "trust-buster" for using the Sherman Act to prevent monopolies and business cartels that served to inhibit free enterprise in the US.
Contribution, retribution is a punishment.
imprisonment not exceeding three years and a fine not exceeding $10,000,000
imprisonment not exceeding three years and a fine not exceeding $10,000,000
imprisonment not exceeding three years and a fine not exceeding $10,000,000
imprisonment not exceeding three years and a fine not exceeding $10,000,000
It forbade mergers of companies that would result in restraint of trade.
imprisonment not exceeding three years and a fine not exceeding $10,000,000
Federal legislation passed in 1890 prohibiting "monopolies or attempts to monopolize" and "contracts, combinations, or conspiracies in restraint of trade" in interstate and foreign commerce. The major purpose of the Sherman Antitrust Act was to prohibit monopolies and sustain competition so as to protect companies from each other and to protect consumers from unfair business practices. The act was supplemented by the clayton antitrust act in 1914. Both acts are enforced by the Federal Trade Commission (FTC) and the Antitrust Division of the U.S. Attorney General's office. (source: answers.com)
One of the key legislations that strengthened federal laws against monopolies was the Sherman Antitrust Act of 1890. This act aimed to prevent the formation of monopolies or cartels that could restrain trade and limit competition. It prohibited any agreements or actions that would result in the restraint of trade or the monopolization of an industry.
The Sherman Antitrust Act was suppose to deal with large trust that held monopolies from various sections. The problem with the Sherman Antitrust Act was that it had actually used to attack unions. Unions fought the monopolies in order to gain more rights for the workers such as better living conditions, higher wages, 8 hour shifts, etc. The Sherman Act outlawed practices that are believed to be harmful to the consumers. Union strikes against railroads, coal, and other industries were stomped on because of this act. The monopolies convinced the American Government that the strikes imposed by the unions were "harmful" to the consumers. Therefore the Sherman Act was a double-edged sword that made the monopolies think more before they act (still the act didn't do that much) and it was used to bring down the unions that fought against the monopolies. The monopolies would be able to weaken unions; thus allowing them to reduce working conditions that allowed them to increase their profits.
These trust agreements would result in a monopoly. To combat this sort of business behavior, Congress passed antitrust legislation.
adopting antitrust laws
boards of directors