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they would get there hand cut off

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Most of the medieval legal systems were derived from ancient Roman law and Germanic law, both of which punished theft with a fine. For example, the laws of Alfred the Great would have had the thief pay a fine of three pigs, or their value, for the theft of one, with the bulk of the fine going to the victim, unless the victim was the king, in which case the fine was tripled. If the fine could not be paid, the thief could be sold into slavery to pay it.

In some areas, there was a possibility that a thief could be declared an outlaw instead of being fined, and this is how Scandinavian law worked. A person who stole a pig and could not pay a fine might be declared an outlaw was no longer protected under the law. For such a person, the best option was probably to leave the area.

Some Celtic legal codes called for thieves to be exiled, not to return under pain of death.

Torture was used in some places, but it was strongly discouraged by the Church.

Prisons were seldom used for theft.

There probably were places where amputation of a hand was the practice, but that was not usual in Western Europe. It was prescribed under Islamic Law, but there had to be a certain very strictly defined circumstances aggravating the case.

It is hard to find reliable information on medieval punishments. There are a large number of web sites with no listed sources making all sorts of claims that are at odds with recorded history and more like what is portrayed in movies. Sorting through all this mess is not easy.

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Q: What punishment would they get in the middle ages if they stole a pig?
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