After centuries of absolutism e.g., England and France became parliamentary (or constitutional ) monarchies.
Absolute monarchies served a societal need when they were instituted and were replaced when they were no longer able meet the new societal changes that arose in the pre modern era. The absolute monarchies were an improvement over the chaos that followed the fall of the Roman Empire and the subsequent dark ages. One need only compare the development of medieval France and that of the neighboring territories of the Holy Roman Empire to see the advantages of centralized power in restoring the conditions necessary for economic growth and the advancement of culture. The rise of civil society under the stability cultivated by the successful monarchies led to more complex societies with needs which could no longer be met by a single ruler. Some absolute monarchies transitioned into constitutional monarchies which continue to this day. Others resisted the transition in power leading to often violent revolutions which served their societies less well.
The French Revolution overthrew the Absolute Monarchy of France.
in some countries, like france, there were republics the head of state being the president. Others however moved into a transitional semi-democracy or constitutional democracy, where only wealthy male landowners could vote, like england, but almost all became democracies eventually. But the next form of autocratic government were totalitarian dictatorships, such as Nazi Germany, or Stalinist Russia
The Roman Empire started during the Roman Republic, that is under a republican government. The Republic was then replaced by the absolute rule by emperors.
The aristocrats replaced them, sometimes called oligarchs. Oligarchies replaced monarchies - in Greek oligarchy means 'rule by the few'.
The Ottoman Empire of Turkey had Caliphate as the type of government. The Caliph managed the government with the help of ministers. He was the head of the government as well as the chief commander of the armed forces. In a way, the Ottoman Caliphs had all the powers vested in them.
The government that replaced the democratically elected Weimar Republic in Germany was the totalitarian Nazi regime under Adolf Hitler. Hitler became the chancellor in 1933 and gradually consolidated his power, eventually transforming Germany into a one-party state with himself as the absolute dictator. This new government was known as the Third Reich.
The Paris Commune replaced the royal government of Paris and fueled revolutions.
maybe amended but not be replaced, as we are not changing the form of government
As a result of the Vietnam War, both Laos and Cambodia were destabilized. Their pre-war monarchies were replaced with Communist governments supported by Vietnam and China. In Cambodia, this government was the Khmer Rouge, which was later removed from power in 1979 by the Vietnamese. The Lao People's Republic remains in power to this day.
At the end of 1916, the French government replaced Joffre as the commander of French forces in WW 1.