What resources affected Mexico's history?

Answer 1

The two most important include silver and oil.

Silver was one of the main reasons Spain kept Mexico as an overseas territory between 1521 and 1821. Approximately USD 1.5 trillion in silver bullion were extracted from Mexico during the 16th century only.

The first commercial oil wells were drilled in 1901. During the 1930's Mexico became the second largest producer of oil in the world after the United States. Much of Mexico's internal politics have been defined by oil and the oil industry since 1935, the year Mexico's oil industry was nationalized.