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Gregor Mendel developed the model of heredity that now bears his name by experiments on various charactersitics of pea plants: height (tall vs. Short); seed color (yellow vs. Green); seat coat (smooth vs. wrinkled), etc. The following explanation uses the tall/short trait. The other traits Mendel studied can be substituted for tall and short.

Mendel started out with plants that "bred true". That is, when tall plants were self-pollinated (or cross-pollinated with others like them), plants in following generations were all tall; when the short plants were self-pollinated (or cross- pollinated with others like them) the plants in following generations were all short.

Mendel found that if true breeding Tall [T] plants are crossed (bred) with true breeding short [t] plants, all the next generation of plants, called F1, are all tall.

Next, he showed that self-pollinated F1 plants (or cross- pollinated with other F1 plants) produce an F2 generation with 3/4 of the plants tall and 1/4 short.

  • A. 1/4 of the F2 generation are short plants, which produce only short plants in the F3 generation, if they are self- pollinated (or crossed with other short F2 plants;) these F2 plants breed true.
  • B, 1/4 of the F2 generation (1/3 of the tall plants) are tall plants that produce only tall plants in the F3 generation, if they are self-pollinated; these tall F2 plants breed true.
  • C. 1/2 of the F2 generation (2/3 of the tall plants) are tall plants that produce 1/4 short plants and 3/4 tall plants in the next [F3] generation, if they are self-pollinated. This is the same proportion of tall to short that F1 plants produce.
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Obie Ondricka

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3y ago

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What plants did Mendel so his studies on?

Mendel did his studies on pea pod plants.


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The parental generation (P) of plants used in Mendel's research all had the same genotype for the specific traits he studied. This allowed Mendel to observe the patterns of inheritance without any variations in the parental generation.


Why did mendel use pea plants in his experiment?

Mendel used pea plants in his experiment because they have distinct traits that are easy to observe and manipulate. Pea plants also have a relatively short life cycle which allowed Mendel to conduct multiple generations of controlled breeding experiments. This made it an ideal model organism for studying inheritance patterns.


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Two factors that contributed to Mendel's success were his careful experimental design and his meticulous record keeping. These allowed him to accurately document patterns of inheritance in pea plants and derive his groundbreaking laws of genetics.


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