Several rulers have allowed or urged Jews to return to Jerusalem. The three most famous rulers to do this are King Cyrus the Great of Persia, King Saladin the Ayyubite, and Prime Minister David Ben Gurion.
It was not a Hebrew leader, it was King Nebuchadnezzar of Babylon.
Traditionally, King Cyrus the Great of Persia.
That those who wanted to return could.
King Cyrus of Persia
bc it has no balls lol by faith
After defeating Babylon, Cyrus the Great of Persia allowed the Jews (and other people) to return to their homeland in 538 BCE.
Around 539 BCE.
The foreign ruler who restored Jerusalem to the ancient Jews was the Persian king, Cyrus the Great. In 538 BCE, Cyrus issued a decree allowing the Jews to return to their homeland and rebuild the temple in Jerusalem after their exile in Babylon.
Cyrus of Persia.
King Cyrus the Great of Persia.
A book of the bible did not allow anything, people did. If the question intends to ask: "In what book of the Bible does it discuss the return of the Jews from exile and the rebuilding of the Temple in Jerusalem?" there are two answers. The Book of Ezra and the Book of Nehemiah discuss this.
The Romans.
Under Roman and Byzantine rule, Jews were banned from Jerusalem. Between 614 and 629, the Persian Empire controlled the city, briefly, and permitted Jews to return. In 638, the Arab Caliphate took control and allowed the Jews to return. Under Arab and Fatimid rule, Christians continued to prosper in Jerusalem, until 1033, when the Fatimid Caliph ordered all churches destroyed. When the Crusaders captured Jerusalem in 1099, they massacred most of the Jews and Muslims.
The Babylonians, by perpetrating the First Destruction.
The Babylonians.
Nebuchadnezzar (some 2500 years ago); and also Titus (1940 years ago). Though the Romans didn't expel the Jews from all of Judea, they did expel them from Jerusalem.