Syria at that time was not independent.
Syria was under the mandate of France after W 1.
ww2
France
syria
Germany was on the losing side of World War 1.
What is today called Syria was, at that time, part of the Ottoman Governate of Damascus. In addition to the Ottoman troops raised from Syria, the territory was invaded by British Forces at the end of 1918 in the Middle Eastern Theatre of World War 1, in what is specifically termed the Syrian Campaign.
The side that lost world war 1 is central powers
japan
Britain's side
The allies
Turkey joined Germany in World War 1