The Israelites had no source of protection in Egypt (after Joseph died), until the Plagues started.
The Israelites at first enjoyed a prosperous period in Egypt (Genesis 47:27), since the Egyptians were grateful to Joseph (a leading Israelite) for having enabled them to survive a famine (Genesis ch.41). Later, the Israelites were enslaved by the Egyptians (Exodus ch.1), with backbreaking labor and cruel decrees (ibid). By the time of the Exodus, many of the Israelites had given up hope (Exodus ch.6).
A few Hebrew families fled to Egypt about 1850 BCE. The remainder remained in Palestine. They were a group of tribes known to the Egyptians as 'Habiru'. With perhaps 100 people involved in the flight to Egypt, it is difficult to describe them as the Israelites, of believe the fantasy biblical stories that on their return to Israel after 300 years 100 people had bred up to the nearly 3,000,000 claimed in the bible. These are myths of the Jewish people and need to be taken as such. The Habiru tribes in Palestine were a loose federation. Again the stories of around 1,000 BCE of David and Solomon also need to be taken in this context - they still were a loose group of tribes known to the Egyptians as living in the hills of Judea. Why are there no remains of Solomon's palaces? The beginning of the Israelites as an historical state begins from about 800 BCE.
Lower Egypt; it is in the north, while Upper Egypt is in the south.
Cleopatra was from Egypt, she was Egypt's queen for a while. Alexander the great was from Greece he led the attak over Egypt and was vistorius until a while later.
he ruled egypt
While in Egypt, they prayed (Exodus 2:23-4, and 3:7). Singing is mentioned after the Exodus (in ch.15, and Numbers ch.21).
From a biblical perspective, Moses helped the Israelites escape from their lives of slavery in Egypt. From a historical perspective, Moses did not help the Israelites escape from anywhere. After all, it has been reported that over 90 per cent of scholars say that there never was an Exodus from Egypt.
Egypt in the Ancient Period controlled far less land than Egypt in the modern period. Although the Sinai is now part of Egypt, it was not at that point and God did lead the Israelites through the Sinai, but did not direct them in Nile Basin (Ancient Egypt), which the Israelites would have been familiar with and thus would have needed no direction. It is important to note that while maps of Ancient Egypt show it "controlling" the Sinai Peninsula at various points, this "control" was through indirect vassals and tributes, not through a standing infrastructural connection.
The Israelites at first enjoyed a prosperous period in Egypt (Genesis 47:27), since the Egyptians were grateful to Joseph (a leading Israelite) for having enabled them to survive a famine (Genesis ch.41). Later, the Israelites were enslaved by the Egyptians (Exodus ch.1), with backbreaking labor and cruel decrees (ibid). By the time of the Exodus, many of the Israelites had given up hope (Exodus ch.6).
That it is not known. A tradition states that there were Israelites who, due to assimilation, were uninterested in leaving Egypt and died off before the Exodus (Rashi commentary, Exodus 13:18), while others may have survived and stayed behind (Rabbi Miller). See also:How many Israelites left Egypt?Evidence of the Exodus
Some of the Israelites were skilled metallurgists, weavers, artisans, woodworkers and builders, as is evidenced by the tasks which they employed afer the Exodus from Egypt, in constructing the Tabernacle and its vessels (Exodus ch.35-40). However, the Bible does not mention what they did while they were still in Egypt, other than brickmaking, brick-laying, and agricultural work in the field (Exodus ch.1). In Egyptian records, the Israelites are not named as having made Egyptian artifacts, so the answer to your question is not today known. See also:About the Exodus
It was the quail.
3-months after leaving Egypt, Moses and the Israelis came to Mount Sinai. Moses received the "Ten Commandants" and the plans for the earthly tabernacle. They were in the wilderness.
A few Hebrew families fled to Egypt about 1850 BCE. The remainder remained in Palestine. They were a group of tribes known to the Egyptians as 'Habiru'. With perhaps 100 people involved in the flight to Egypt, it is difficult to describe them as the Israelites, of believe the fantasy biblical stories that on their return to Israel after 300 years 100 people had bred up to the nearly 3,000,000 claimed in the bible. These are myths of the Jewish people and need to be taken as such. The Habiru tribes in Palestine were a loose federation. Again the stories of around 1,000 BCE of David and Solomon also need to be taken in this context - they still were a loose group of tribes known to the Egyptians as living in the hills of Judea. Why are there no remains of Solomon's palaces? The beginning of the Israelites as an historical state begins from about 800 BCE.
From a biblical perspective, it is hard to understand why the Hebrews could not form a nation while living in Egypt. The Bible tells us that they numbered 600,000 fighting men, which means a total of at least 2.5 million people, while archaeologists tell us that the entire population of Egypt was only 3.5 million people. So, even without God's help, they could have overthrown the Egyptians any time they wished, then had the most prosperous and powerful nation in the Mediterranean world all to themselves. However, there is no historical or archaeological evidence that the Hebrews were even in Egypt at any stage. Over 90 per cent of scholars are reported to believe that there never was an Exodus of the Israelites from Egypt as described in the Bible. That is why they could not form a nation while living in Egypt - they were never in Egypt.
Lower Egypt; it is in the north, while Upper Egypt is in the south.
Yes. While there are oases and a few desalination plants, the Nile is still responsible for over 95% of Egypt's water for drinking, bathing, and agriculture.