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A mandatory pretrial is a court hearing that defendants are required to attend before their trial. During this hearing, important issues such as bail, plea negotiations, and case scheduling are typically discussed. It is a formal process to ensure that the case is moving forward in an organized manner.
courts - maritial
The lower state courts are courts of original jurisdiction and hear all cases within their purview and conduct jury trials. The higher state courts are not courts of original jurisdiction, only hearing cases that are referred to them by appeal of a lower court verdict or by motion. They conduct non-jury trials. These courts are the Court of Appeals and the State Supreme Court.
Judicial
They are courts of original jurisdiction. They are presided over by a judge. They conduct trials.
excecutive
The courts are REQUIRED by law to soley look after the interests of the child; not the parent(s). If the courts determine that it is in the best interests of the child to have access to you, they'll come down on the mother; if they decide it's in the best interests of the child to go to these activities then you'll lose. The child is the important one, not the warring parents.
courts often held that unions were conspiring to restrain business activities
The Juvenile Division of the criminal courts.
The first level of Federal Courts is the US District Courts, which are courts of original jurisdiction and conduct both criminal and civil trials.The second level is the Appelate Courts which do NOT conduct trials but only hear appeals of trials and verdicts of the US district Courts.The third and highest level of the court system is the US Supreme Court which also does not conduct trials and which is the highest court in the land. It could loosely be termed the "super-appelate" court and whose decision is final in ALL rulings and/or cases having to with Constitutional interpretation.
Not really enough information given to answer. You may be referring to Magistrate's Courts - Municipal Courts - General Session Courts - ?????