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The prevailing winds are from east to west. Humid air from the Atlantic Ocean is forced to drop its moisture on the east side of the Andes Mountains in the Amazon Basin. That forms a rain shadow desert along the west side of the Andes.
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What makes the Atacama Desert a desert?
The Andes Mountains to the east prevent moisture from the Amazon Basin from being drawn into the area. The Coastal Range to the west stops much of the moisture that might be drawn from the Pacific Ocean. Between the two mountain ranges is located the Atacama Desert that, because of its geography, receives virtually no rain.
Why is there extreme dryness in Chile's Atacama desert?
The Andes Mountains to the east prevent moisture from the Amazon Basin from being drawn into the area. The Coastal Range to the west stops much of the moisture that might be drawn from the Pacific Ocean. Between the two mountain ranges is located the Atacama Desert that, because of its geography, receives virtually no rain.
What stops rain getting into the desert?
High mountain ranges can block clouds and moisture from reaching certain areas of a continent, causing a 'rain shadow' that prevents rain from falling in deserts. Examples can be seen in the southwestn United States and Chile. Mountains block moisture from reaching an area and the area becomes a desert.
Why is the Atacama Desert so dry?
One of the driest places on Earth is the Atacama. It's a desert, partly due to landforms. For it's so fenced in by the Andes Mountains on one side, and by the Chilean Coast Range on the other, that moisture can't get through either way. The Atacama is a desert, also partly due to patterns of air and water circulation. For the Humboldt current runs all along the Chilean and southern Peruvian coasts. But its cold waters flow northwestward, and away from the coastal range. The same northwestward flow can be said of the anticyclonic air pattern. So circulatory patterns of air and water, and mountain barriers, move moisture away from the Atacama.
Why is the Atacama Desert one of the driest places on earth?
The Atacama is located within a dry region of the world, specifically near 35degrees N/S latitude..if you notice the earth every major desert of the world falls near the 35degree mark N and South including the Mojave, SOuth West, Sahara, Arabian, Atacama, Kalahari and Great Australian (Sandy) Desert. Furthermore to make matters for the Atacama wose then these other locations, rain being carried west by the tropical low-pressure Amazon Basin begins to ascend the Andes to the Northeast of the Atacama. AS the wet weather moves west towards the atacama it is dropping the little water it has in the form of snow and rain on the eastern side of the mountains forming what is called a RAIN SHADOW, the west side of the Andes is now dry. This is also seen in the Gobi Desert as rain tries to scale the Hymalias and head north
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