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fA =(E/V)* fE + (D/V) * fD
The cost of internal equity (using the dividend discount model) iske = (D1/P0) + gThe cost of external What_is_the_formula_for_external_equityis just like the formula for internal equity (retained earnings) except that you base it on the net proceeds after flotation costs rather than the market value of the stock.ke' = (D1/Pnet) + gBecause Pnet will be somewhat lower than P0 (because of the flotation costs), ke' will be higher than ke.
Classification of cost is where expenses are divided into categories that include variable costs, fixed costs, material costs. These costs relate to business activities.
Your company is considering a project that will cost $1 million.The project will generate after-tax cash flows of $250,000 per year for 7 years. The WACC is 15% and the firm's target D/E ratio is .6 The flotation cost for equity is 5% and the flotation cost for debt is 3%. What is the NPV for the project after adjusting for flotation costs? fA = (E/V) x fE + (D/V) x fD fA = (.375)(3%) + (.625)(5%) = 4.25% PV of future cash flows = 1,040,105 NPV = 1,040,105 -1,000,000/(1-.0425) = -4,281
Two challenges in froth floation faced by mineral processing industry today are the high costs involved and the level of technology.
it could be because issuing new shares in the market involves more cost such as flotation costs such as underwriting cost and the cost of having to under-price the stock so as to sell the issue.
That is a pretty open question. Costs relate to the size of the pond or lake, plus the type of fish it will have and the quality of the project.
Discretionery Fixed Cost: It is cost which arise from annual decisions of management to spend in specific fixed costareas, such as marketing and research.Commited Fixed Cost:These types of costs relate to a company's investment in assets such as facilities and equipment. Once such costs have been incurred, the company is required to make future payments
To raise 14,000,000 dollars, the company can either size the issue by shares or by dollar size. To solve for the number of shares for the issue: Divide the amount of money the company needs to raise 14,000,000 by the net price of the stock 85.50 (the price of the stock - 10 percent flotation costs) which equals 163,743 shares. To solve for the dollar amount of the issue: Multiply the number of shares 163,743 times the market price 95.50 for a total dollar amount of $15,555,556.
Voice messaging relates to the communication process by increasing productivity, improving internal communication, enhancing customer service, and reducing message-taking costs.
One perspective is to includle all items that relate to labor...such as Employer costs incurred for employees' services. Payroll costs consist of the actual cash paid to the employees and the withheld amounts (liabilities) for employee's federal income taxes, FICA, and various voluntary health and benefit plans. Employer's payroll costs also consist of its matching share of employee's FICA taxes and contributions to the state and federal unemployment insurance programs.
In order to compute the cost of service sold, you would have to include all factors that relate to the service. This may include consultation costs and other expenses attached to the service.